Hormones 101
What type of molecules are hormones that travel through the bloodstream?
Chemical messengers
Which gland is known as the “master gland”?
Pituitary gland
What type of feedback loop reduces hormone production once enough is made?
Negative feedback
What disease is caused by a lack of insulin or insulin resistance?
Diabetes
Which hormone helps regulate sleep cycles?
Melatonin
Which hormone lowers blood sugar levels?
Insulin
Which gland regulates metabolism?
Thyroid gland
What type of feedback loop increases hormone production until a specific event occurs?
Positive feedback
What condition results from too much thyroid hormone?
Hyperthyroidism
Which gland produces melatonin?
Pineal gland
Which hormone increases blood sugar levels?
Glucagon
Which gland produces insulin?
Pancreas
During childbirth, the release of oxytocin is an example of what type of feedback?
Positive feedback
What condition results from too little thyroid hormone?
Hypothyroidism
What hormone is known as the “love hormone”?
Oxytocin
What hormone is responsible for the “fight or flight” response?
Adrenaline (epinephrine)
Which glands sit on top of the kidneys?
Adrenal glands
Regulation of thyroid hormones is controlled by what type of feedback loop?
Negative feedback
What disease involves the immune system attacking the pancreas?
Type 1 Diabetes
Which system works closely with the endocrine system to maintain homeostasis?
Nervous system
What type of hormone is made from cholesterol and can pass through cell membranes easily?
Steroid hormones
Which part of the brain controls the pituitary gland?
Hypothalamus
What hormone from the pituitary stimulates the thyroid gland?
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
What disorder is caused by too much growth hormone in childhood, leading to excessive height?
Gigantism
What is the term for the body maintaining a stable internal environment?
Homeostasis