Glands
This single, pea-sized gland beneath the hypothalamus controls many other endocrine glands and sits at the base of the brain, also called the master gland.
Pituitary Gland
This hormone from pancreatic islets lowers blood glucose by promoting cellular uptake of glucose.
Insulin
his common endocrine disease in middle-aged to older cats causes weight loss, increased appetite, and rapid heart rate; it involves excess thyroid hormone.
Hyperthyroidism (feline hyperthyroidism)
What is the medical term for low body temperature
Hypothermia
These small glands are typically found on the posterior surface of the thyroid and regulate blood calcium.
Parathyroid Gland
The thyroid secretes two major hormones that increase metabolic rate; they are commonly abbreviated as ___.
T3 & T4
In dogs, low thyroid hormone production causing lethargy, weight gain, and poor coat is called _______________.
Hypothyroidism (canine hypothyroidism)
What is the medical term for high thyroid output
Hyperthyroidism
This paired gland sits atop each kidney and produces hormones involved in stress response and electrolyte balance.
Produced by the adrenal medulla, this hormone increases heart rate and prepares the body for 'fight-or-flight.'
Adrenaline (epinephrine)
Name the endocrine disease characterized by chronic excess cortisol production; one common name used in veterinary medicine is ________.
Cushing’s disease (hyperadrenocorticism)
What is polydipsia
Increased drinking
Name the endocrine organ that in many species is both an digestive organ and an endocrine organ producing insulin and glucagon.
Pancreas
Which posterior pituitary hormone helps the body retain water by acting on the kidneys?
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Diabetes mellitus results from problems with insulin. List two common clinical signs seen in affected dogs and cats.
Polyuria (increased urination), polydipsia (increased drinking). Also weight loss (cats/dogs may show weight loss with diabetes), polyphagia (increased appetite) — any two are acceptable.
what is polyphagia
increased eating
The hypothalamus links which two body systems by controlling pituitary hormone release and receiving neural input?
Nervous System and Endocrine System
Growth hormone is produced by which part of the pituitary: anterior or posterior?
Anterior Lobe
hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s disease) often causes what imbalances.
Electrolyte
What is the breakdown of hyperadrenocorticism?
Hyper- increased
Adreno- referring to adrenal glands
Corticism- referring to cortisol levels