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A tumor in the adrenal medulla causes extra epinephrine and norepinephrine to be secreted into the blood. This is called _______________.
hypersecretion
Which gland aids in the development of the immune system?
thymus
What gland when it malfunctions can cause a goiter?
thyroid
Which hormone acts in opposition to calcitonin?
parathyroid hormone
Which gland controls the pituitary gland and regulates things like body temperature and sleep cycles?
hypothalamus
What is deficient when a person forms a goiter?
iodine
Although both the nervous and endocrine systems are able to control the body, the endocrine system uses hormones to produce a response, which are _________ than nervous system control.
slower
Although both the nervous and endocrine systems are able to control the body, the endocrine system uses ___________ to produce a response
hormones
Which gland is often known as the “master gland” because it has wide-reaching effects on the whole body?
pituitary
What hormone stimulates egg/sperm production?
follicle stimulating hormone
If a cell reacts to a certain hormone, it has __________ for that hormone.
receptors
What hormone stimulates growth in bones and muscles?
growth hormone
The hormones that act in opposition to calcitonin are stimulated by what type of control?
humoral
What is the difference between lipid-soluble hormones and water-soluble hormones?
Lipid-soluble hormones are able to directly enter a cell, but water-soluble hormones require a second messenger molecule.
Most of the hormones secreted by the pituitary are produced in the?
anterior pituitary
What hormone helps reduce the calcium levels in the blood?
calcitonin
Where would you expect to find the islets of Langerhans?
pancreas
Why do hormones not affect all cells they encounter throughout the body?
Hormones are released in small quantities and are specific. Target cells have receptors for specific hormones so the hormones that contact cells without the target cells then would have no effect.
What hormone brings calcium out of the bones and into the bloodstream for use by cells?
parathyroid
What hormone raises blood glucose levels?
glucagon
What hormone stimulates melanin production?
melanocyte stimulating hormone
Which of these is NOT secreted by the anterior pituitary?
Luteinizing hormone prolactin
Follicle stimulating hormone thyroxine
thyroxine
What is the difference between an exoskeleton and an endoskeleton?
Endoskeleton is internal while the exoskeleton is external
What two things do the islets of Langerhans produce?
insulin and glucagon
How do negative and positive feedback loops differ and give an example?
Negative feedback loops brings the body back to homeostasis where positive feedback loops drive the body further from homeostasis.
Examples of negative- temperature regulation, blood sugar regulation, thyroid regulation, blood pressure regulation
Examples of positive- uterine contractions during childbirth and clotting of blood