Glands
What type of gland secrete substances (not hormones) into ducts?
Exocrine
Oxytocin + Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Which type of thyroid hormone is responsible for stimulating gut motility + increasing HR?
Thyroxine (T3)
What is the clinical term that refers to increased hunger?
Polyphagia
What disorder results in a decrease in blood circulation potentially causing atherosclerosis, thrombi or emboli.
Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)
What gland is responsible for secreting Melatonin?
Pineal
What two hormones does the adrenal cortex secrete?
Cortisol + Aldosterone
The balance of what two cations is regulated by aldosterone in the adrenal cortex?
Identify the organ/system that primarily are affected from microvascular complications of T2DM?
Neuropathy (Brain), Nephropathy (Kidney) & Retinopathy (Eye)
What disease is the result of adrenal insufficiency?
Addison's Disease
What type of gland is the pancreas?
Heterocrine
Which hormone stimulates sperm and egg production in the gonads?
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Which hormone stimulates milk production (lactation)?
Prolactin (PRL)
What is the 1st line oral medication prescribed to T2DM patients?
Metformin
What are the two most common symptoms of Cushing's Disease seen in females?
Amenorrhea + Hirsutism
What immunological protein does the thymus produce?
Thymosin
What type of hormone is Cortisol?
Glucocorticoid
Which hormone stimulates ovulation (females) and testosterone production (males)?
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
What is the MOA of Ozempic?
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist
Which hormone stimulates the liver to break down glycogen into glucose during hypoglycemia?
Glucagon
Which gland does not actually produce hormones, but stores them for later when they need to be released?
Posterior Pituitary
Calcitonin inhibits which type of osseous tissue?
Osteoclasts
In addition to regulating blood calcium, PTH also regulates which other element?
Phosphate
What type of cell in the pancreas produces insulin?
Beta
What term refers to the yellow circular spots that may appear in a patient with diabetic retinopathy?
Cotton Wool Spots