GLANDS
This type of gland releases substances through ducts to a surface.
What is the exocrine gland?
A chemical messenger secreted into the bloodstream.
What is a hormone?
This mechanism involves hormones entering the cell and directly affecting DNA.
What is direct gene action?
This type of feedback reduces hormone production once levels are sufficient.
What is negative feedback?
Too much growth hormone in childhood leads to this condition.
What is gigantism?
This type of gland releases hormones directly into the bloodstream.
What is the endocrine gland?
The organ or tissue that a hormone specifically acts on.
What is a target organ?
This system uses signaling molecules inside the cell to amplify a response.
What is the second messenger system?
Insulin is released when blood sugar is this.
What is high?
Too little thyroid hormone causes this condition.
What is hypothyroidism?
This structure is considered the “master gland” of the endocrine system.
What is the pituitary gland?
Hormones are transported through this system.
What is the circulatory system (bloodstream)?
Steroid hormones typically use this mechanism.
What is direct gene action?
Glucagon is released when blood sugar is this.
What is low?
Too much thyroid hormone causes this condition.
What is hyperthyroidism?
These two glands regulate calcium levels in the body.
What are the thyroid and parathyroid glands?
Hormones only affect cells with these.
What are receptors?
Protein-based hormones typically use this system.
What is the second messenger system?
This organ detects blood sugar levels and releases insulin/glucagon.
What is the pancreas?
This condition involves improper insulin function.
What is diabetes?
This gland controls circadian rhythms and sleep cycles.
What is the pineal gland?
This term describes how specific hormones are to their target cells.
What is specificity?
This is the main difference between the two systems.
What is inside-the-cell action vs surface receptor signaling?
This system keeps the body stable and balanced.
What is homeostasis?
This disorder results from too little growth hormone in childhood.
What is dwarfism?