Anterior Pituitary
This hormone originates from ovaries and testes, and stimulates the development of oocytes and sperm.
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
T/F: The posterior pituitary creates hormones.
False; the PPG stores and releases hypothalamus hormones.
This hormone's stimulus is low Ca2+ blood levels.
Parathyroid Hormone
PTH stimulates the release of calcitriol, which tells small intestine to absorb more Ca2+
The adrenal medulla releases these hormones.
NE + EP
This type of cell signaling consists of diffusion to a nearby cell
Paracrine
These hormones of the Anterior Pituitary Gland are NOT tropic.
Prolactin (PRL) and Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
The difference between prolactin and oxytocin?
Prolactin = stimulates milk production
Oxytocin = stimulates milk ejection
The stimulus for cortisol release.
ACTH
Melatonin, a hormone secreted from the pineal gland, has these effects. Name at least 3.
You can say: antioxidant, helps sleep, bone growth, sleep promotion, heavy metal/drug/alcohol detox, and/or radiation
These types of hormone use the 2nd messenger system.
Hydrophilic hormones
These are the target cell of the growth hormone. Name at least 3.
You can say: bone, muscle, liver, adipose, all cells
This region of the body creates ADH and oxytocin.
Hypothalamus
These stimuli are in charge of cortisol's release.
-Stress
-Time of day
-ACTH
Cortisol and aldosterone are also known as?
cortisol = glucocorticoids
aldosterone = mineralcorticoids
What is the function of beta-endorphins? (2)
- inhibits stress hormone production (aka?)
- stimulates immune system, especially NK cells
List 5 stimuli that promote the secretion of thyroid hormones.
cold temps, pregnancy, high altitude, hypoglycemia, low TH levels
These two substances can inhibit ADH.
alcohol and caffeine
These are released by the heart in response to stretching walls due to increased blood volume or pressure.
Natriuretic Peptides
Explain why when climbing a mountain, the thyroid hormone is definitely present.
TH is stimulated by high altitudes and increases heart contraction rate and breathing rates b/c of the lack of oxygen in the mountains.
This hormone will target your small intestines, bone, and kidneys
Parathyroid Hormone
Not to be confused with Calcitriol, which only targets small intestines.
This hormone's target tissue is the adrenal cortex.
ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)
Name the target tissues of ADH. (3)
1. Sweat glands
2. Kidneys
3. Arterioles
These two hormones raises blood pressure.
Aldosterone and ADH
When insulin is released, glycogenesis ________, lipogenesis ___________.
glycogenesis increases.
lipogenesis increases.
These 4 functions in an organism are regulated by hormones.
Mood, growth, tissue function, metabolism