Thyroid / Parathyroid
what is the role of PTH?
increase Calcium
where are your adrenal glands located in the body?
on top of the kidneys
the pituitary gland is attached to what nervous structure?
hypothalamus
what is a tropic hormone?
hormone that causes another hormone to be relased
what chemical is needed to create T3 and T4 (thyroid hormones)
iodine
what's the difference between the adrenal medulla and cortex?
the anterior pituitary gland is made of ____ tissue; the posterior is made of ____ tissue
glandular; nervous
endocrine = hormone inside (pituitary --> blood)
exocrine = secretion outside (sweat, salivary glands)
what is Graves' disease?
hypersecretion of thyroid hormone; exophthalmos
what is an example of a mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid?
mineralocorticoid = aldosterone; glucocorticoid = cortisol
what are differences between Prolactin and Oxytocin?
Prolactin: milk production, anterior pituitary
Oxytocin: milk secretion, posterior pituitary, labor delivery
epinephrine and norepinephrine can both act as hormones and neurotransmitters. why?
hormones = bloodstream, neuro = nervous system
parafollicular cells secrete _____; follicular cells secrete ______; parathyroid cells secrete _____
calcitonin; thyroid hormone; parathyroid hormone
the ______ nervous system innervates the adrenal medulla to secrete _____ and ______ into the bloodstream
sympathetic; epinephrine & norepinephrine
what does ACTH, ADH, FSH, and LH stand for? where is each one secreted from?
adrenocorticotropic hormone, antidiuretic hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone
what's the difference between amino-acid based and steroid based hormones? which one can enter the cell?
amino-acid = water soluble, cant enter cell, 2nd messenger proteins
steroid = fat soluble, enters cell, affects nucleus
describe the pathway to secrete thyroid hormone, starting from the hypothalamus. what cell releases thyroid hormone?
Hypothal --> TRH --> ant pituitary gland --> TSH --> thyroid gland (follicular cells) --> thyroid hormone
what are the 3 layers of the adrenal cortex (superficial --> deep) and the 3 categories of hormones released by each?
–Zona glomerulosa—Mineralocorticoids
–Zona fasciculata—Glucocorticoids
–Zona reticularis—Gonadocorticoids
what are the 7 hormones released by the anterior pituitary gland?
TP FLAG
TSH, Prolactin, FSH, LH, ACTH, GH
define and name of an example of: humoral stimulus, neural stimulus, hormonal stimulus
humoral: blood concentration; insulin/PTH
neural: nervous; epinephrine/nore
hormonal: tropic; TSH