Diabetes
Pituitary
Bone and Calcium disorders
Thyroid
Adrenal
100
Name 3 diagnostic criteria for Diabetes ?
1. What is hemoglobin A1c > 6.5
2. What is fasting glucose > 126
3. What is glucose > 200 after 2 hours post oral glucose tolerance test
4.What is random glucose > 200
100
Name the 6 hormones that the anterior pituitary secretes:____________
What is luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and growth hormone (GH)?
100
The following is the USPSTF screening guideline for osteoporosis:
What is women with age greater than 65 and postmenopausal women < 65 who are at increased risk as determined by a formal clinical risk assessment tool (i.e Frax)
100
59 y.o. male presenting with 3 days of palpitations and 2.2 KG of weight loss
He is noted to have a 3 cm right upper pole thyroid nodule which is firm and mobile. TSH is 0.01 and free T4 is 2.5
This is the next best test to order: ____________
What is radioactive iodine uptake scan?
100
The adrenal gland is responsible for making these 4 hormones: ________________
What are mineralocorticoids ( aldosterone), Glucocorticoids (cortisol), androgens( DHEA), Catecholamines ( epinephrine, and norepinephrine)?
200
Name at least two oral diabetic medication classes which provide cardiovascular benefit.
What is SGLT-2 inhibitor, GLP 1 agonist or DPP-4 inhibitor ?
200
A 32-yo woman has 3-month history of galactorrhea, fatigue, constipation, and menstrual irregularities.
Vitals are normal. BMI is 28. Spontaneous galactorrhea is present. Visual fields are intact. Deep tendon reflexes are delayed. The remainder of her physical examination is normal.
HCG is negative. Serum prolactin level: 68 ng/mL
What lab test should you order next ?
What is TSH?
200
DEXA T score range for osteopenia is: ________
What is -1.0 to -2.4?
200
Methimazole is the preferred drug for Grave's Disease during the first trimester of Pregnancy. True or False
False
( PTU is preferred during first trimester because of teratogenic effects of methimazole)
200
A plasma aldosterone to plasma renin ratio of greater than __________ strongly suggests primary aldosteronism.
What is > 20?
300
For immune mediated diabetes, name at least two autoantibodies you can test for?
What is GAD 65, IA-2, Insulin, Zinc transporter 8 ?
300
50 yo male comes in complaining of increased hat size and headaches. On exam, patient is noted to have mild diastolic HTN, prominent jaw spaces between teeth and large hands.
IGF-1 is elevated. This is the best confirmatory test for this condition:_____________
What is oral glucose tolerance test?
300
A 70 yo female with history of CAD, esophagitis, GERD, HTN, HLD, CKD Stage 5 presents for follow up after her routine dexa scan shows osteoporosis. Her PCP discusses starting a medication for prevention of fractures. The following is the best medication to start this patient on ___________
What is Prolia or Denosumab?
300
Medullary thyroid cancer is associated with this germline mutation.
What is RET onocogene?
300
A Patient is undergoing surgery for pheochromocytoma. The following preoperative alpha blocker is given for 10- 14 days prior to surgery:_______________
What is phenoxybenzamine ?
400
The following are 5 lab abnormalities that can be seen in DKA:____________.
What is glucose > 250, anion gap > 12, HCO3< 15-18, ketones, PH< 7.3
400
50 yo female presents to the clinic complaining of polyuria and polydipsia.
Labs show: Hypernatremia, high serum osmolality, low urine osmolality. You perform a water deprivation test with no improvement in urine osmolality.
A drug was given with improvement in Urine osmolality by 75%. The name of the drug give is __________ and the diagnosis is consistent with ____________.
What is Desmopressin and central diabetes insipidus?
400
A 65-year-old man presents with worsening left-sided hearing loss and headache. He reported that his symptoms began a few months ago. He denies starting any new medications but has noticed he can no longer fit the hat he has owned for many years. Physical examination is unremarkable.
XR of the skull is shown as follows:
The following lab abnormality may be seen with his disease state________
What is elevated alkaline phosphatase ?
400
The following are the classes of medications that can be given for thyroid storm ( 4)
What are beta blockers, thionamides, high dose glucocorticoids, potassium iodide.
400
40 yo woman has 20 pound weight gain, easy bruising, and newly diagnosed DM. BMI is 30.
Physical exam shows: obesity, supraclavicular and dorsocervical fat pads, and purple striae on her abdomen.
These are the first line tests to confirm this condition: ______________ ( 3).
What are 24 hour urine free cortisol, serial late night salivary cortisol, overnight low dose 1mg dexamethasone suppression test.
500
A 55 yo female with uncontrolled diabetes presented with complaints of several shiny red-brown patches on her shins. See image below:
The diagnosis is____________
What is Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum?
500
A 26-year-old woman, 5 days post vaginal delivery, presents to her child's pediatrician with a complaint that she is unable to breast feed her child. History reveals a vaginal delivery complicated by postpartum hemorrhage.The following is the likely diagnosis_______________
What is sheehan syndrome?
500
60 yo male is following up in clinic 1.5 weeks after a parathyroidectomy. He is having complaints of confusion, muscle spasms, and numbness and tingling in arms and face. With several lab checks since his surgery, he is noted to have persistent hypocalemia, hypophophatemia, and hypomagnesia. The PCP should be concerned about this phenomenon____________.
What is hungry bone syndrome?
500
68 yo female with history of hypothyroidism presenting with urosepsis. She is on Zosyn and on 2 vasopressors. Husbands reports she stopped taking her levothyroxine months ago. She has no deep tendon reflexes, + lower ext pitting edema, and is very lethargic appearing.
Blood Pressure: 90/40s, HR 64, RR 8, O2: 90%
Sodium; 130
TSH: 50
Thyroxine, free: 0.1
Cortisol: 5
The following is the next best treatment: _________
What is IV hydrocortisone?
500
18 yo man presents to ED for an intractable headache, fevers, and malaise. Physical examination is significant for nuchal rigidity, diffuse petechial rash ( shown below), and severe abdominal tenderness with rebound tenderness. A lumbar puncture is performed and gram stain of the cerebral spinal fluid demonstrates gram-negative diplococci.
BP is 70s/ 30s. Patient is initiated on Levophed. Labs show wbc: 15, Hgb: 11 ( 1 week ago was 14); PLT: 80K, Na 130, K 5.5, HCO3: 18 Cr: 1.9. Primary team is concerned for for DIC.
In light of the lab abnormalities and clinical manifestation, the following life threatening complication must be considered:___________
What is waterhouse Friderichsen Syndrome?