H&P
A moon face, truncal obesity, wide purple striae, and easy bruising suggest this endocrine disorder.
What is Cushing syndrome?
Elevated TSH and low free T4 indicate this thyroid condition.
What is primary hypothyroidism?
A patient with hyperglycemia, ketonuria, and fruity breath is experiencing this acute complication.
What is diabetic ketoacidosis?
Patients with type 2 diabetes should receive this annual exam to screen for microvascular complications.
What is a diabetic retinal exam?
First line treatment for Diabetes Insipidus.
What is desmopressin? (taken before bed)
First-line pharmacologic therapy for type 2 diabetes.
What is metformin?
TSH stimulates this enzyme to boost thyroid hormone synthesis.
What is thyroid peroxidase (TPO)?
A patient with heat intolerance, palpitations, hyperreflexia, and weight loss most likely has this thyroid condition.
What is hyperthyroidism?
Markedly elevated serum prolactin with visual field loss suggests this pituitary tumor.
What is a prolactinoma?
Severe hyponatremia, low serum osmolality, and concentrated urine suggest this pituitary disorder.
What is SIADH?
Routine bisphosphonate therapy is recommended for postmenopausal women with this T-score threshold.
What is ≤ –2.5 (osteoporosis)?
A thyroid storm requires beta-blockers followed by this iodine-containing medication.
What is potassium iodide (Lugol’s solution)?
This medication treats nephrogenic DI by reducing polyuria
What is thiazide diuretic therapy?
Cortisol has this type of feedback effect on the pituitary and hypothalamus.
What is negative feedback?
Episodic headaches, diaphoresis, and palpitations describe the classic triad of this adrenal tumor.
What is pheochromocytoma?
Hypercalcemia with elevated PTH indicates this parathyroid disorder.
What is primary hyperparathyroidism?
Elevated IGF-1 and failure of GH suppression during glucose tolerance test confirms this condition.
What is acromegaly?
Patients with thyroiditis postpartum should be screened for recurrence during this future period.
What is subsequent pregnancies?
The definitive therapy for acromegaly due to pituitary adenoma.
What is transsphenoidal surgery?
Dopamine agonists such as cabergoline are used to treat this pituitary tumor.
What is a prolactinoma?
Calcium levels are primarily regulated by this hormone from the parathyroid gland.
What is parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
Nephrogenic and central forms of this disorder both present with polyuria and polydipsia.
What is diabetes insipidus?
Low morning cortisol with elevated ACTH on stimulation testing suggests this disorder.
What is primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease)?
A solitary cold thyroid nodule is concerning for this diagnosis.
What is thyroid cancer?
Patients with MEN2 may require prophylactic removal of the thyroid due to this cancer risk.
What is medullary thyroid carcinoma?
Primary hyperaldosteronism due to unilateral adrenal adenoma is treated with this intervention.
What is adrenalectomy?
This class of medications is contraindicated in patients who have a personal history of pancreatitis and/or a personal or family history of medullary thyroid cancer.
What is GLP-1 agonists?
Insulin facilitates glucose uptake via this transporter in muscle and fat tissue.
What is GLUT-4?
A 70 year old, frail-appearing female presents with atraumatic back pain with point tenderness over the thoracic spine. You note thoracic kyphosis and loss of lumbar lordosis. What systemic pathology do you need to consider?
What is osteoporosis?
An unconscious patient's EKG reveals bradycardia, flattened T waves and low voltage. What endocrine disorder is on your differential?
What is myxedema coma?
This endocrine pathology may be implicated in a female who has delayed onset of menstruation, absence of pubic and axillary hair, and short stature.
What is hypogonadism
Patients with adrenal insufficiency should be counseled on this medication adjustment during illness, fever, or stress.
What is increased glucocorticoid dosage? (dose determined by endocrinologist)
First-line therapy for myxedema coma includes IV levothyroxine and this other intervention.
What is IV hydrocortisone?
This drug can be the cause of hypothyroidism in approximately 20% of the patients who take it.
What is lithium?
(thionamids and amiodarone also can cause hypothyroidism)
These cells release renin in response to low perfusion pressure.
What is Juxtaglomerular (JG) cells?