What energy transformations occur when you rub your hands together?
Kinetic > Heat and Sound
100
As a moving car brakes, what happens to its kinetic energy?
Decreases
100
What energy transformations take place in a wind turbine?
Kinetic > Mechanical > Electrical
100
Define non-renewable energy. Give three examples of sources.
Energy that is used faster than it is replenished.
Nuclear, Petroleum, Coal, Oil, Peat.
200
What is Potential energy?
Stored energy with the potential for work or movement.
200
What energy transformations occur when you turn on a flash light?
Chemical > Electrical > Light (and Heat)
200
As an object falls and gains speed, what happens to its Potential energy?
Decreases
200
Hydro-electricity can generate electrical energy because of the water's initial ______ energy.
Potential
200
Define renewable energy. Give four examples.
Energy that can be sourced indefinitely for the foreseeable future. Wind, Solar, Tidal, Hydro, Biofuel, Geothermal.
300
What is Mechanical energy?
Sum of potential and kinetic energy able to do work.
300
What energy transformations occur when a ball falls from your hand and then hits the ground?
Potential > Kinetic > Heat and Sound
300
A skier climbs up a mountain and then skies back down the slope. What happens to their potential energy during all this?
Potential rises on the way up and falls on the way back down.
300
How does Solar energy differ from other energy sources in terms of generation of electrical energy?
Solar energy involves the heating of cells directly and does not involve turbines.
300
Give the name of a device that can transform kinetic energy into electrical energy.
Turbine generator
400
What is Electrical energy?
Energy depending on the flow of electrons.
400
What energy transformations are involved in the movement of a petroleum car?
Chemical > Heat > Kinetic > Mechanical
400
If I was to drop a ball from any height, how would I maximize its kinetic energy?
Drop it from a higher point.
400
What resources does a geothermal power station need to operate?
A source of heat underground, either radioactive material or magma.
Availability of groundwater, either naturally occurring or pumped into the ground.
400
Define the Law of Conservation of Energy.
Energy cannot be created or destroyed. Only transformed/transferred.
500
What is Chemical energy?
Energy stored in Chemical bonds.
500
List ALL the transformations involved in the powering of an electrical toaster from a fossil fuel power station.
Heat > Kinetic > Mechanical > Electrical > Heat
500
When I drop a ball and allow it bounce back up, it will not reach the same height, why is this?
Some kinetic energy is used up as heat and sound when it hits the floor. Law of Conservation of Energy.
500
What is one advantage and one disadvantage of nuclear energy?
Advantage - Clean, no pollution, lots of power per unit
Disadvantage - Radiation, Nuclear meltdowns, material stays radioactive for millions of years
500
Define convection and conduction. Give examples.
Convection is the transfer of heat through a gas or liquid. E.g. a gas heater transferring heat throughout a room.
Conduction is the transfer of heat through a solid.
E.g. holding a metal rod into flame and the heat burning your hand.