Heat Transfer and Thermal Energy
Phases of Matter and Transitions
Energy Transformations
Forces and Gravity
Graphing & Motion
100
Heat always moves in this direction: from an area of __________ temperature to an area of __________ temperature.
What is higher to lower (or warmer to cooler)?
100
To change a liquid into a gas, this must be added to the substance.
What is heat (or thermal energy)?
100
According to the Law of Conservation of Energy, energy cannot be ___________ or ___________.
What is created or destroyed?
100
This is a non-contact force that pulls all objects with mass toward each other.
What is Gravity?
100
On a Distance vs. Time graph, a horizontal (flat) line means the object is doing this.
What is standing still (or not moving)?
200
Explain why a metal spoon feels colder than a wooden spoon when both are at room temperature.
What is because metal is a better conductor and moves heat away from your hand faster?
200
This term describes the phase change when a gas turns directly back into a liquid, like dew on the grass.
What is condensation?
200
When you light a match, the energy stored in the match head changes from Chemical Energy into these two types of energy.
What are Light and Heat (Thermal)?
200
If you increase the mass of two objects, the gravitational pull between them does this.
What is increases?
200
This is the formula used to calculate the average speed of an object.
What is Distance divided by Time?
300
A student places a 50g block of ice at 0 degrees Celsius into a glass containing 200g of water at 25 degrees Celsius. In which direction will the thermal energy flow?
From the 25 degrees Celsius water into the 0 degrees Celsius ice.
300
When heat is removed from a liquid, the molecules move ________ and get _________ together.
What is slower and closer?
300
As a bicyclist coasts up a hill without pedaling, their Kinetic Energy decreases while this type of energy increases.
What is Potential Energy?
300
If an astronaut travels to the Moon, this measurement stays the same, but their weight decreases.
What is mass?
300
If the line on a Distance-Time graph is a straight diagonal, it means the object is moving at a ____________ speed.
What is constant?
400
When a liquid is heated, what happens to the average kinetic energy of its molecules?
The average kinetic energy increases, meaning the molecules move faster.
400
On a graph showing water being heated, the temperature stays the same during a phase change because the energy is being used to do this.
What is break the bonds between molecules?
400
In a battery-powered flashlight, energy starts as Chemical, turns into ___________ in the wires, and finally becomes Light.
What is Electrical energy?
400
To reduce the gravitational pull between two planets, you would need to increase the __________ between them.
What is distance?
400
On a graph, if Object A has a steeper line than Object B, Object A is moving __________.
What is faster?
500
This term describes the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.
What is Specific Heat Capacity?
500
Name the three phases of matter in order from the one with the least kinetic energy to the one with the most kinetic energy.
What are Solid, Liquid, and Gas?
500
When a ball bounces, it eventually stops. The energy didn't disappear; it was transformed into these "wasted" forms.
What are Sound and Heat (due to friction)?
500
Forces that are equal in size but opposite in direction, resulting in no change in motion, are called this.
What are Balanced Forces?
500
If a car covers 200 kilometers in 2 hours, this is its average speed.
What is 100 km/h?