Energyyyy
What is the sum of all anabolic and catabolic activity known as?
Metabolism
The light-dependent reactions take place in the _____________.
(Bonus: What is the name of the space beneath the membrane where hydrogen ions build up in concentration?)
Thylakoid
Lumen
Carbon dioxide (a 1 carbon molecule) combines with a five carbon molecule known as ______________ in order to form 3PG.
RuBP
Where does glycolysis occur in the cell?
(BONUS: where does the citric acid cycle occur?)
In the cytoplasm / cytosol
Mitochondrial matrix
In which organelle does cellular respiration take place?
Mitochondria
Thinking of metabolic reactions, which type of reaction requires energy?
Anabolism
During the light-dependent reaction, what is the name of the pigment of the chloroplast which absorbs the light, thus beginning the electron excitation process and giving leaves the characteristic green color?
Chlorophyll
What is the name of the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction between CO2 and RuBP?
RuBisCo
Glycolysis
Carbon dioxide (CO2) as a byproduct
What three components make up an ATP molecule?
(Bonus: Write the full name of ATP.)
Sugar, Base, three phosphate groups
Adenosine Triphosphate
What is the name of the protein complex which, upon being struck by a photon, loses an electron, and thus splits a water molecule in order to replace the electrons.
Photosystem 2 (PSII)
G3P
(Make sure you know how to explain ATP and NADPH's role in this conversion for the test.)
During cellular respiration, ATP is made in all the phases, but during which phase is it made in its greatest abundance?
Electron Transport Chain (#ATPsynthase)
Write the balanced equation for cellular respiration.
(Bonus: Write the balanced equation for photosynthesis.)
Photos. = 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light --> C6H12O6 + 6 O2
How does ATP release energy? (where is the bond broken?)
ATP is turned into ADP, breaking the bond between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate group, thus making a lone inorganic phosphate molecule.
What causes ATP synthase to function and synthesize ATP?
The movement of hydrogen ions (protons) across their concentration gradient from high concentration to low concentration. [This movement of ions causes the central shaft to spin, thus retrieving ADP + Pi, combining them to form ATP, then releasing it into the stroma.]
The second phase of Photosynthesis goes by three main names: the light independent reactions, the dark reactions, and ________________________________.
Calvin Cycle
What four carbon molecule does acetyl-CoA combine with to form citric acid?
Oxaloacetate
Give one example of a CAM plant.
(BONUS: how do CAM plants perform photosynthesis differently from C3 plants?)
Cacti, succulents, pineapples, many orchids...
CAM plants change the time in which they perform photosynthesis, since these plants live in such hot and arid climates. They open their stomata at night when it's cool to take in carbon dioxide and so they don't lose any water to the heat.
Thinking of metabolic reactions, this energy-releasing process breaks down glucose molecules during glycolysis so the cell can produce ATP.
Catabolism
In the light-dependent reactions, we made ATP, good, and oxygen so we can breathe, also good, but we didn't actually make any glucose, so that we can eat... because of this, what main molecule, alongside ATP, did the light dependent reactions make which will directly contribute to creating glucose?
NADPH
List in order the three phases of the light independent reaction.
Carbon Fixation
Carbon Reduction
RuBP Regeneration
(Bonus: During which phase of cellular respiration are these molecules made?)
NADH and FADH2
Made during the Citric Acid Cycle (Kreb's Cycle)
Put the following molecules in the correct sequence of the light independent reactions of photosynthesis, starting at phase 1 and ending with the desired product:
3PG | G3P | Glucose | RuBP
RuBP --> 3PG --> G3P --> Glucose