Newton's Laws
An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion continues in motion unless acted upon by an external force.
What is the First Law of Motion?
This is the type of energy is associated with an object's motion.
What is Kinetic Energy?
What is the work done if a force of 20 N moves an object 5 meters?
W=F×d=20 N×5 m=100 J
This is the force opposes the motion of sliding objects.
What is friction?
Greater mass results in less acceleration.
What is the relationship between mass and acceleration when a constant force is applied?
F = ma
What is the formula used to calculate force?
This is the type of energy is stored due to an object's position or arrangement?
What is potential energy?
If a 10 kg object is dropped from a height of 10 meters, what is its potential energy? (Use g=9.8 m/s2g=9.8m/s2)
PE=mgh=10 kg×9.8 m/s2×10 m=980 JPE=mgh=10 kg×9.8m/s2×10 m=980 J
A passenger in a car who lurches forward when the car stops suddenly.
What is an example of an object that demonstrates inertia.
If two objects collide, this principle explains the forces they exert on each other.
What is Newton's Third Law: for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
When you jump off a small boat, the boat moves backward.
What is an example of Newton's Third Law of Motion?
Theses are the things that gravitational potential energy dependent on.
What is the object's mass, height, and acceleration due to gravity?
A car has a mass of 1,000 kg and is traveling at a speed of 20 m/s. What is its kinetic energy?
KE=0.5mv2=0.5×1000 kg×(20 m/s)2=200,000 J
This is what happens to the kinetic energy of a ball when it is thrown into the air and reaches its highest point.
What is the kinetic energy decreases as it converts to potential energy?
This is the net force acting on an object at rest.
What is 0 N?
The mass of the object.
What does inertia depend on?
This is the formula for kinetic energy.
What is KE = 0.5mv2?
If a force of 50 N is used to push an object and it travels 2 meters, how much work is done?
W=F×d=50 N×2 m=100 J
It restrains passengers from continuing in motion when the car stops suddenly.
What is how does a seatbelt demonstrate Newton's First Law?
Kinetic energy increases with the square of the speed.
What is how does increasing speed affect kinetic energy?
It remains at rest or continues to move at a constant velocity.
If an object experiences a net force of 0 N, what can be said about its motion?
A compressed spring or a stretched rubber band.
This is a real-life example of elastic potential energy.
If an object has a kinetic energy of 150 J and a mass of 3 kg, what is its speed?
KE=0.5mv2⇒150=0.5×3×v2⇒v=100⇒v=10 m/sKE=0.5mv2⇒150=21×3×v2⇒v2=100⇒v=10 m/s
This describes how energy is transformed when riding a roller coaster.
What is potential energy is converted to kinetic energy as the coaster descends?
This is what happens to the total energy in a closed system.
What is total energy remains constant (conservation of energy)?