Kinetic & Potential Energy
What are the definitions of kinetic and potential energy?
KE: energy of motion
PE: stored energy
Which type of energy is stored in chemical bonds.
Chemical Energy
(FILL IN THE BLANK) Sound energy is the result of ___ in particles.
Vibrations
(FILL IN THE BLANK) Heat is the energy transferred between objects at different temperatures. Objects at a ___ temperature will always transfer heat to objects at a ___ temperature.
Higher; Lower
Conductors are substances that transfer heat well. Insulators are substances that poorly transfer heat.
Which type of energy is known as the sum of kinetic and potential energy?
Mechanical Energy
Which energy does food specifically contain? Elastic, Chemical, or Nuclear.
Chemical Energy
Is electromagnetic energy a type of potential or kinetic energy?
Kinetic
What is the difference between thermal energy and temperature?
Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of all the particles in a substance, while temperature is the average of the kinetic energy of particles in a substance.
(1 MINUTE) If a 2 kg ball is moving at a speed of 12 m/s, what is its kinetic energy.
144 Joules
(FILL IN THE BLANK) The more height and/or mass an object has, the more ___ energy that object has.
Potential
Is elastic energy a type of potential energy or kinetic energy?
Potential (it is energy stored in elastic bands and springs)
(FILL IN THE BLANK) Electromagnetic energy is transferred through ___ ___.
Electromagnetic Waves
The amount of thermal energy of a substance is dependent on two things. These are...
1. Temperature
2. Amount of Substance
Which two units are used to measure heat?
Calories and Joules
What is the scientific definition of energy?
The ability to do work/cause change.
What are the scientific terms for when two atoms' nuclei joins together and when two atoms' nuclei split apart.
Two atoms' nuclei join together: Fusion
Two atoms' nuclei split apart: Fission
What does sound energy require in order to travel? (Hint: The reason you can't hear in outer space is because there is no...)
Air or Matter
What does the kinetic theory of matter state?
The particles that make up all of matter are constantly in motion.
There are three names to transfer energy as heat. Name them each and briefly explain their process of transferring heat.
Conduction: Transfers heat through direct contact
Convection: Transfers heat through circulating fluids or gases
Radiation: Transfers heat through waves
(1 MINUTE) What are the equations for kinetic and potential energy? State what each variable represents.
KE: 1/2 x m x v2
PE: mgh
m - mass
v - velocity
g - gravity
h - height
Which equation, written by a famous scientist, explains or proves that a small mass of something can be converted into a large amount of energy in nuclear reactions.
E=mc2
What is electrical energy stored in?
Charged particles in an electric field. (answers may vary)
(1 MINUTE) List the three common temperature scales, their freezing point, and their boiling point. (for water)
Celsius; Freezing Point: 0; Boiling Point: 100
Farenheit; Freezing Point: 32; Boiling Point: 212
Kelvin; Freezing Point: 273; Boiling Point:373
(1 MINUTE) A roller coaster car with a mass of 500 kg is at the top of a hill 30 meters high. What is the potential energy at this height, and what is the kinetic energy of the car just before it reaches the bottom of the hill? (Assume no energy is lost to friction)
PE = 147,000 Joules
KE = 147,000 Joules