Levels of Organization
The basic unit of life in biological organization.
What is an Organism?
Unlike a chain, this represents real ecosystems with branching paths and multiple prey options.
What is a Food Web?
The bottom trophic level, which captures sunlight to make food.
What is a producer?
This percent of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next.
What is 10%?
A large geographic region characterized by its climate, plants, and animals adapted to that environment.
What is a Biome?
A group of the same species living in one area.
What is a population?
A straight-line sequence showing energy transfer from one organism to another.
What is a Food Chain?
This is the third trophic level.
What is a secondary consumer?
Energy can't be created or destroyed.
What is the 1st Law of Thermodynamics?
One organism benefits, the other is unaffected.
What is Commensalism?
All organisms + abiotic factors in a defined area
What is an ecosystem?
Arrows in a food web point this direction
What is towards the consumer?
Only about 10% of energy transfers to this next level up from producers.
What is Primary Consumer?
Most energy is lost as this during transfers.
What is Heat?
Clown fish is protected in a sea anemone, the anemone gets food.
What is Mutualism?
The broadest level: all ecosystems on Earth (thin layer of life).
Biosphere
Higher trophic levels in an energy pyramid have less of this.
What is Energy?
This is the position of an organism in a food chain or web, based on what it eats and its source of energy.
What is Trophic Level?
States that only about 10% of energy from one trophic level transfers to the next, with the rest lost as heat or used for life processes.
What is the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics?
Factors that include frogs, fish, and algae.
What are biotic factors.
All populations of different species interacting in one area.
What is a Community?
This model shows 90% lost here each step (to heat/movement).
What is an Energy Pyramid?
A carnivore that eats another carnivore would have to be at least at this level.
What is a Tertiary Consumer?
If there is a total of 14,000 calories at the producer level. The secondary consumer receives this amount.
What is 140 calories?
The maximum number of individuals of a species that an environment can support over time given available resources.