Heat Transfer
What method of heat transfer occurs when you touch a hot stove?
Conduction
What type of energy is transformed when you eat food and move?
Chemical to kinetic energy
What is the term for the amount of heat required to change the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1°C?
Specific heat capacity
What method of heat transfer occurs when a pot of water boils?
convection
What is the definition of thermal energy?
The total kinetic energy of particles in a substance
Name the method of heat transfer that involves the movement of fluids.
convection
In a light bulb, electrical energy is transformed into what two types of energy?
Light and heat energy
Name a substance that has a high specific heat capacity.
water
Give an example of a situation where conduction occurs in cooking.
Cooking food on a frying pan (other answers may be acceptable)
What is the main driving force for heat transfer?
Temperature difference.
Which method of heat transfer does the sun use to warm the Earth?
radiation
How does a refrigerator keep food cold?
It removes heat from inside, using energy transformations.
What happens to the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance as it heats up?
it increases
How does wearing a black shirt on a sunny day illustrate radiation?
Dark colors absorb more sunlight, increasing heat.
Explain how convection currents work in a heated room
Warm air rises and cool air sinks, creating a current.
What is the primary reason metal feels colder than wood at the same temperature?
Metal is a better conductor of heat
What type of energy transformation occurs in a battery-powered toy?
Chemical energy to mechanical energy
What do we call the energy that is stored in a substance due to its temperature?
thermal energy
Why do ice cubes melt faster on a metal surface than on a wooden table?
Metal conducts heat more efficiently.
Describe how a thermos bottle minimizes heat transfer
It uses insulation to keep hot liquids hot and cold liquids cold
Describe how heat transfer occurs when cooking food in a pot on a stove.
Heat from the stove is conducted through the pot and then to the food
Explain how solar panels transform energy.
They convert solar energy into electrical energy
Define thermal equilibrium
A state when two objects reach the same temperature and no heat flows between them
Describe a situation where insulation is used to minimize heat transfer.
Insulation in a house keeps heat inside during winter (other answers may be acceptable)
What is the relationship between temperature and thermal energy?
Higher temperature means higher average kinetic energy and thermal energy.