Building Basics
The physical barrier that separates the inside and outside air.
What is the building envelope?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can only be converted from one form to another or transferred between a system and its surroundings.
What is the 1st law of thermodynamics?
The passing of outside air into a building through doors, cracks around windows, and other openings.
What is infiltration?
__________ ________ completely dictates the type, size, and efficiency ratings of the HVAC system required to properly condition a building.
What is the regional climate?
Through what medium in the home where we receive the most heat gains.
What are the windows?
A material's thermal conductivity.
What are the K-Values?
The primary function of the building envelope.
What is to regulate indoor thermal comfort in response to external climatic conditions?
Heat moves from _________ to __________.
What is warm to cool?
The unintentional and uncontrolled leakage of conditioned indoor air out of a building's envelope to the outdoors.
What is exfiltration?
Our regional climate zone for Jefferson County...
What is Zone 2A?
The manual created by ACCA that sets standards for calculating heat loads.
What is manual J?
A material's thermal conductance.
What are the C-Values?
ACCA - stands for...
Air Conditioning Contractors of America
The three modes of heat transfer are _________, ___________, and __________.
What are conduction, convection and radiation?
Warm air is less dense and naturally rises to the top of the building. When it is cold outside, this causes a high-pressure zone near the ceiling and roof. This pressure forces warm, conditioned air out of attic hatches, recessed light fixtures and top floor window seals.
What is the stack effect?
Regional Climate, Building Type and Materials, Site Variables and System Replacement.
Heat loads are defined as the ____________
What is the amount of heated that must be added or removed from a space in order maintain the desired temperature in that space?
A material's thermal resistance.
What are the R-Values?
It is often more cost effective to control _____ -_______ and heat - gain in an existing building prior to replacing outdated, inefficient HVAC equipment.
What is heat - loss?
What HVACR workers use to combat convection to provide comfort cooling...
What is forced convection using mechanical devices like fans to intentionally circulate heated or cooled air?
Forced airflow that takes place, by design, between the inside and outside of a building.
Ventilation
An oversized system cools the room too fast, leaving the air _________ and creates a breeding ground for __________.
The heat that is conducted through the walls, ceilings, and floors when there is a temperature difference between spaces.
What is heat leakage?
A material's thermal transmittance.
What are the U-Values?
The use of materials and processes that lower energy costs, reduce operating and maintenance costs, increase productivity and decrease the amount of pollution that is generated...
What is sustainable design?
The transfer of heat through a space without heating that space until it strikes an object.
What is radiation?
The three types of ventilation...
What is balanced, exhaust and supply systems (dampers).
Drier climates focus heavily on their __________ ________ when the outdoor winter design temperatures plunge into the -5F to -20F range.
What is their heating system?
What is a one hour period?
A thin layer of air that is molecularly attracted to a surface.
What is the boundary air film?