Heat Transfer: Conduction, Convection, and Radiation
Heat transfer through direct contact between particles is called ______.
Conduction
he smallest particle of an element that still has that element’s properties is an ______.
Atom
How many main states of matter are there?
Four: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma
What do scientists use to represent things too small, large, or complex to study directly?
Models
Which type of heat transfer occurs when you touch a hot metal handle?
Conduction
The movement of heat in fluids due to warm air rising and cool air sinking is ______.
Convection
The nucleus of an atom contains these two subatomic particles.
Protons and neutrons
In which state of matter are particles tightly packed and vibrate in place?
Solid
Give one example of a model used to study atoms.
Bohr model or 3D atomic model
Which type of heat transfer causes warm air to rise in a room?
Convection
Energy that travels through empty space as waves is transferred by ______.
Radiation
Which subatomic particle moves around the nucleus in electron clouds?
Electrons
Which state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container?
Liquid
What is one limitation of scientific models?
They may not show every detail or scale accurately
What state of matter has particles far apart and moving quickly?
Gas
Why does a metal spoon get hot after sitting in a pot of soup?
Heat transfers through conduction
Changing the number of protons in an atom changes the ______.
Element
What happens to particle movement when matter is heated?
Particles move faster and spread apart
Why are scientific models updated over time?
New evidence and technology improve our understanding
What type of model helps scientists understand the arrangement of particles in an atom?
Atomic model
Explain why your hand feels warm when you hold it near a fire but not touching it.
Heat is transferred by radiation
Explain why atoms are mostly empty space.
Electrons move far from the nucleus, leaving empty space between particles
Explain what happens to the particles of water as it changes from liquid to gas.
Particles gain energy and move farther apart, escaping into the air
How did the atomic model change from Dalton’s to modern theory?
It evolved from solid spheres to include subatomic particles and electron clouds
What happens to matter when heat energy is removed?
Particles slow down and can change to a solid