KE and PE
Energy of motion is called ______.
Kinetic Energy
The formula for work is ________.
Force X Distance
What law says energy can be neither created nor destroyed?
Law of Conservation of Energy
Heat always moves from ________ to ________.
Hot to Cold
Heat transfer by direct contact is called ________.
Conduction
A rock sitting on a cliff has what type of energy?
What is the unit for Power?
J/s -or- W
When a pendulum swings, energy is constantly changing between ________ and ________.
PE and KE
What are the three temperature scales?
BONUS: What is absolute zero?
Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin
BONUS: 0K
Warm air rising and cool air sinking is an example of ________.
Convection
What two factors affect an object’s kinetic energy?
Mass and velocity
What is power a measure of?
How fast work is done
A toaster transforms electrical energy into what form(s)?
Thermal and (bonus) mechanical
Which has more thermal energy: a cup of boiling water or a bathtub of warm water?
The bath tub
The Sun warming your face is an example of ________.
Radiation
A ball is thrown in the air. At what point is at the highest PE? (BONUS! Draw a diagram and label the highest and lowest PE and also label whether PE is going up or down)
Highest PE at the furthest point from the ground
If you apply 20 N of force to move a box 3 meters, how much work is done?
60 J
When you rub your hands together, what type of energy transformation happens?
Mechanical → thermal
Convert 14 degrees Celsius to Kelvin
287 K
Heat engines convert thermal energy to
Mechanical energy
Which has more potential energy: a 5 kg ball on a 10 m hill, or a 10 kg ball on a 5 m hill? (Use 9.8 m/s/s for gravity)
They’re equal (both 490 J)
A set of pulleys lifts a 500 N crate 20 meters in 10 seconds. What power is used?
1,000 J/s -or- 1,000W
What energy transformation happens when using a battery powered fan?
Chemical → electrical →mechanical
How is thermal energy different from temperature?
Temp = Avg KE of particles
Thermal Energy = TOTAL KE of all particles
A pot on the stove heats water — name all 3 types of heat transfer happening.
Conduction (pot), convection (water), radiation (burner)