Energy Transfer & Transformation
What is the difference?
Transfer = When energy ____________________
Transformation = When energy _______________
Transfer = When energy moves
Transformation = When energy changes form
Heat always moves from a ___________ place to a ____________ place
Hot ---> Cold
What is the law of conservation of energy?
Energy can never be created or destroyed, just transferred and transformed
Give an example of energy transferring from one object to another
Answers may vary. In lab, we saw this when the metal cylinder transferred energy to the nail.
Heat transfers in three different ways....
1. Conduction
2. Convection
3. Radiation
What is the difference between potential and kinetic energy?
Potential = not moving
Kinetic = moving
What material/color is best at absorbing sunlight?
What material is best at reflecting sunlight?
1. Black / Dark colors
2. Metals / Aluminum Foil
Scientists, such as meteorologists, have been asking the question, "What is causing more severe hurricanes to occur each year?"
What is the answer to their question?
Increase in thermal energy in the atmosphere is heating up the ocean (thus more kinetic energy)
Give an example of energy transformation happening
Answers may vary. Example = when you plug in a radio. The electrical energy transforms into sound energy.
Heat ALWAYS moves from a hot place to a cold place. Give an example of this happening in real life.
Answers may vary. Example: When you are holding a hot mug, heat is transferred from the mug (hot place) to your hand (cold place)
Give an example of a type of kinetic energy
Give an example of a type of potential energy
Kinetic = Motion, thermal, sound, electric current
Potential = Gravitational, nuclear, elastic, electric static
Give an example of a conductor
Insulator = Styrofoam, air
Conductor = Silver
One cup is 100 degrees Celsius, another cup is 20 degrees Celsius, what should the temperature be when you mix the two together?
About 60 degrees Celsius
What is the law of conservation of energy?
Energy can never be created or destroyed, just transferred and transformed
__________= Heat transfer through liquids and gases
______________= Heat transfer through solids
__________ = Heat Transfer through electromagnetic Waves
Convection
Conduction
Radiation
Plants and animals both rely on _______________ energy for energy which they turn into kinetic energy, as well as sound and heat energy.
Chemical
What is an insulator? What is a conductor?
(NOT an example, the definition!)
Insulator slows down heat transfer, conductor speeds it up!
Look at the photo of the roller coaster.
At what point is the GPE the highest?
What are the top 5 ways to increase energy efficiency, that is, reduce energy transfer/transformations? (HINT: Turning off the lights is not one of them)
1. Insulator
2. Insulated Water Heater
3. Reflective Glare Windows
4. Vegetation
5. LED Lights
Give an example of
1. Conduction
2. Convection
3. Radiation
1. Conduction = cooking food on stove
2. Convection = using my oven, boiling water
3. Radiation = Bonfire, sunbathing
Explain each part/energy of the mnemonic:
"Gravity & Chemical MELTS Nicely"
G = GPE
C = Chemical
M = Motion
E = Elastic & Eletric
L = Light
T = Thermal
S = Sound
N = Nuclear
2. Light bounces back off objects, or
3. Light enters objects but does not leave.
What are these three light interactions called, in the correct order?1. Transmission
2. Reflection
3. Absorption
Look at the photo of the roller coaster.
At what point(s) is the cart transforming from GPE to motion energy?