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Anaerobic
Aerobic
Various
Various
EPOC
100
Name the two anaerobic energy systems.
The ATP-PC system and the Lactic acid system.
100
Which energy system is the main producer of energy during a marathon?
Aerobic system
100
What is the difference between ATP and ADP?
ATP has 3 phosphate molecules, ADP has 2 phosphate molecules.
100
Which energy system is predonminant during a 100m race?
ATP-PC system
100
What does EPOC stand for?
Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption
200
What does PC stand for?
Phosphocreatine
200

What is a major byproduct of the Krebs (citric acid) cycle? 

CO2

200
What is ATP short for?
Adenosine triphosphate
200
Name the three substances which carbohydrates, fats and proteins are broken down into.
Glucose, fatty acids and amino acids
200

Name the two components of EPOC.

The fast (alactacid) component and the slow (lactacid) component.

300
Why is energy produced much more quickly from the PC system compared to the aerobic system?
Much less reactions take place in order to resynthesise ATP.
300
What chemical is produced as the end product of glycolysis?
Pyruvate (pyruvic acid)
300
During aerobic energy production energy is produced through the processes of glycolysis, Kreb's cycle and the electron transport chain. Which of these also occurs in anaerobic energy production?
Glycolysis
300

How many molecules of ATP are produced from 1 molecule of glucose during aerobic energy production?

38 (net production)

300

Name 3 components of the slow component of EPOC.

Restoring glycogen stores (primary)

Flushing lactic acid

Restoring temperature and hormones to homeostasis

400
How many molecules of ATP are produced for every molecule of PC that is broken down?
one.
400
How many molecules of ATP are resynthesised for each molecule of glucose that is broken down during anaerobic energy production?
Two
400

What type of fuel is a boxer predominantly relying on in each 3 minute round of a match?  

glycogen

400

State a factor of recovery that doesn't require oxygen.

Restoring ATP/PC, and muscle glycogen levels

400

Name three aspects of the fast component of EPOC?

Resynthesising PC, resynthesising ATP, resaturating myoglobin with oxygen.

500
Explain how lactic acid is produced.
Lactic acid is produced when hydrogen ions released from glycolysis and Kreb's cycle join with pyruvic acid. This occurs when there is no longer oxygen molecules available to join with the hydrogen.
500

During some exercises, fatty acids will be metabolized after glycogen stores have been drained. Where do fatty acids enter the metabolic process? 

They are converted to Acetyl CO A and enter the Krebs - (they skip the beginning stages of clycolysis all together). 

500
Name 3 factors that affect your VO2 max.
Surface area of alveoli, red blood cell/haemoglobin levels, capillary density in lungs/muscles, transfer of O2 to mitochondria via myoglobin, take up and use of O2 by mitochondria.
500
Name 4 effects of training on the aerobic system
Cardiac hypertrophy, decreased HR, increased SV, increased capilliarisation of muscle, increased haemoglobin/myoglobin, increased number and size of mitochondia.
500

How long does it take to resynthesis 50 - 75% of PC levels?

1 minute