Energy Transfers
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
Sun + Carbon Dioxide + Water = Glucose + oxygen
What are autotrophs?
Producers
What is another name for the water cycle?
What is the hydrologic Cycle
What is an abiotic process within the carbon cycle?
Combustion
Living organisms require nitrogen for...
Proteins and DNA
The usable form for phosphorus for living things
Phosphates (PO4)
What is the equation for cellular respiration?
Glucose + Oxygen = Carbon Dioxide + Water + ATP
What are heterotrophs?
Consumers
Water is unique because it is considered what type of molecule?
What is a Polar Molecule
What are the two biotic processes within the carbon cycle?
Photosynthesis and cellular Respiration
Usable form of nitrogen for the body...
Nitrates (NO3)
The element cycle not found in the atmosphere
Phosphorus
How much of the suns energy is utilized by plants?
1-2 %
A tape worm living within a person is an example of
Parasitism
What is the attraction between water molecules?
What is a hydrogen bond
Carbon is a key element in which 3 compounds found within living things?
Carbohydrates, Proteins and Lipids
Breaking down of nitrates by bacteria and returning to the air.
denitrification
Three ways phosphorus is important for living organisms
Cell membranes, DNA, ATP
What is the First Law of Thermodynamics?
Energy can't be created nor destroyed, just transferred from one form into another.
A barnacle attached to a whale does not effect the whale, but gets a ride
Commensalism
What are 3 unique properties of water?
Water is a universal solvent
Water has high melting and boiling points
Water has adhesive and cohesive properties
Water has a high heat capacity
Water is most dense at 4 degrees Celsius
Water exists in all 3 states
How does carbon enter food chains (webs)?
Photosynthesis
Explain two processes for nitrogen fixation
Lightning and Nitrogen fixing bacteria (nitrification)
Break down dead matter and return nutrients to plants
Decomposers
How does the first law of thermodynamics relate to food chains and webs?
Light to chemical to mechanical to heat
What relationship exists when nitrogen fixing bacteria are found within legume plants?
Mutualism
In the water cycle there is precipitation, evaporation and __________?
Condensation
Adding excess carbon dioxide to the atmosphere from the combustion of fossil fuels can cause
Global warming - Greenhouse effect - Climate Change
Where do nitrogen fixing bacteria live?
nodules of legume plants
Source of phosphorus for the cycle
Weathering and Decay
How does the second law of thermodynamics relate to ecological pyramids?
90% of energy is lost at each trophic level
Relationship between 2 or more organisms that live close together and name the 3 types
Symbiosis - Mutualism/commensalism/parasitism
Evaporation of water from the stomata of plants?
Transpiration
What is limestone rock formed from?
Calcium Carbonate
What causes eutrophication?
Too much nitrates and phosphates added to water systems.
Source of nitrates and phosphates causing algal blooms
fertilizers, sewage, live stock feed lots, detergents