Energy Basics
energy
The primary greenhouse gas emitted from fossil fuel combustion.
CO2
Oil (fossil fuel) is mainly used in _____ sector.
Transport
List two common units of energy. Example Joule.
Quad, Btu, kWh, calories
US has the highest nuclear power capacity in the world. True/False?
true
Which energy unit is commonly used on household electricity bills.?
kWh
Paris agreement is signed on which year
2015
________ describes the amount of energy used per unit of GDP
Energy intensity
Countries such as the U.S. and Europe tend to have lower energy intensity compared to developing countries mainly due to ___________
higher energy efficiency/ advanced technologies
True or False?
US is the world's largest consumer and producer for oil and coal.
False
The SI unit of energy.
joule (J)
Paris agreement is an international climate agreement to limit global temperature rise to below _ °C
to below 2 °C, with efforts to limit it to 1.5 °C
State three contributing factors for global energy demand growth
Population growth
Economic growth and rising income
Urbanization/Modernization = more vehicles, buildings, electricity
The trend that describes the shift from direct fuel use to electricity in transport, buildings, and industry.
electrification
The energy intensity of US is in a (increasing/decreasing?)________ trend. Why
decreasing. More efficient in using energy to produce products/services
List two renewable energy sources.
Wind, Solar, Hydro, biomass, geothermal etc
List two climate change impacts
melting ice, sealevel rise, flood/storms, draught, forest fire, heat waves
The energy trilemma is defined by three competing priorities. What are they?
energy security, energy equity, environmental sustainability.
List two clean primary energy sources
nuclear, Wind, Solar, Hydro, biomass, geothermal
OBBBA- A U.S. federal law passed in 2025 that reshaped energy and climate policy by reducing or ending several clean energy incentives established under earlier legislation. What is the full acronym of OBBBA?
OBBBA stands for One Big Beautiful Bill Act.
List two secondary energy carriers.
Electricity,Gasoline,Diesel fuel,Hydrogen,Heat
List two other greenhouse gases besides CO2,
Methane
nitrous oxide (N₂O)
fluorocarbons (HFCs)
In energy trilemma study, diversification of electricity generation is to promote _____ (Which dimension?)
energy security
Provide two examples that show how modern lifestyles are becoming more electrified.
EV cars vs gasoline cars
induction cooking vs gas stove
electric heating (space) vs gas heating
Contributing factors for energy demand growth in the US?
higher income levels, lifestyles
eletrification of end uses: vehicles, buildings
increasing data centres & digital infrastructure
population growth
cooling demand -->hotter summer