Forms of Energy
What type of energy does a moving car have?
Kinetic or Mechanical
A light bulb converts electrical energy into what two other forms?
Light and Thermal
What method of heat transfer occurs when two objects transfer thermal energy through direct contact?
Conduction
What is the equation used to calculate the amount of thermal energy transferred when a substance changes temperature
q=mcΔT
True of False. Energy can be Lost
Explain
False. Energy is conserved, it changes forms but is not lost
What type of energy is stored in a stretched rubber band?
Elastic Potential
What energy transformation occurs when a person eats food and then runs?
Chemical into kinetic and thermal
What method of heat transfer allows you to feel the campfire when you are far away from it?
Radiation
What does the c represent in q = mcΔT
Specific heat capacity
Which would require more energy to increase the temperature? An object with a low heat capacity or a high heat capacity?
High heat capacity
A book is sitting on a shelf 2 meters above the ground. What type of energy does it have?
Gravitational Potential
What energy transformation occurred when the atomic bombs were dropped onto Japan during WW2
Nuclear into Thermal
What method of heat transfer occurs in a large living room with a ceiling fan?
Convection
A 100 g sample has a specific heat of 2 J/gC and its temperature increases by 10 degrees. How much energy was absorbed?
200 J
What do you call materials that do not transfer heat very well?
Insulators
When Baking soda and vinegar mix, an eruption occurs. What kind of energy is released?
Chemical
A student rides a bicycle down hill. Before reaching the bottom, he brakes hard. Describe the energy transformation
Potential into kinetic into thermal
What causes convection currents to form?
Density
A 50 g sample absorbs 1,000 J of energy. Its temperature increases from 20°C to 40°C. What is its specific heat?
1 J/gC
Water freezes from a liquid into a gas. Is this an endothermic or exothermic proccess?
Exothermic
What type of energy is used when you get an X-ray at the doctor?
Light ( X-rays are an electromagnetic wave )
What energy transformation takes place when an electric guitar is played?
Electrical into Sound
Define Temperature
Average kinetic energy of the particles of a material
Define Specific Heat Capacity
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a material by 1 degree.
A student says: "If an object has a higher temperature, it must contain more thermal energy than an object with a lower temperature." Is this always true? Explain why or why not.
No. Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles, while the total thermal/internal energy also depends on factors such as the amount of matter and the substance itself. A large cooler object can contain more thermal energy than a small hotter object.