Forms of Energy
What form of energy is stored in food and batteries?
Chemical Energy
In a toaster, electrical energy is converted into what form of energy?
Thermal Energy
Which has more kinetic energy: something moving fast or something heavy?
Something moving fast
What does the Law of Conservation of Energy state?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
Which cup keeps water hottest: metal, glass, or Styrofoam?
Styrofoam
What form of energy does a stretched rubber band have?
Elastic Potential Energy
Fill in the flow: Sun → ______ → Solar panel → Electrical energy
Light Energy
Why does speed effect Kinetic Energy more than mass?
Because is the equation, velocity is squared.
A toy car starts with 50 J of PE but ends with 42 J of KE. Where did the missing energy go?
Heat (thermal energy) and sound energy from friction
Which cup loses heat fastest: metal, glass, or Styrofoam?
Metal
A rock is held at the top of a cliff. What kind of energy does it have and what two factors affect it?
Gravitational Potential Energy; mass & height
A hand crank flashlight uses what type of initial energy, and what does it become? (3 steps)
Mechanical → Electrical → Light
At the lowest point of a roller coaster, which type of energy is highest?
Kinetic Energy
When a skateboard rolls down a ramp and eventually slows down, what two forms of energy increase?
Thermal and Sound
What is the independent variable when testing how cup material affects cooling rate?
The type of cup
A moving skateboard has what type of energy?
Kinetic Energy
In a wind turbine, mechanical energy becomes what form of energy?
Electrical Energy
A 2-kg ball moving 5 m/s vs. a 1-kg ball moving 10 m/s — which has more KE?
1-kg ball; higher speed → more KE
What is an environmental impact of using nonrenewable energy sources?
Pollution; Global Warming
Why must all cups start at the same temperature in a fair investigation?
To ensure only the material affects cooling (control variable)
What form of energy is released when atoms split in a nuclear reactor?
Nuclear Energy
A gasoline car converts stored chemical energy into which two main types of energy?
Thermal & Mechanical Energy
If you double an object’s height, what happens to its potential energy?
Potential Energy Doubles
Explain why a roller coaster cannot reach a higher hill than where it started.
It cannot gain more energy than it originally had; some is lost to heat friction.
Why does a wooden spoon stay cool in hot soup while a metal spoon becomes hot quickly?
Wood is an insulator; metal is a conductor