Flashover
Page 28- Locating the fire, interior indicators:
______ is described as the smoke level rising, increasing the distance of the clean air to the floor level.
_Lift_ is described as the smoke level rising, increasing the distance of the clean air to the floor level.
Smoke pouring out of the opening at the top, and rapidly lifts, could be the presence of a significant fire, that's relatively close, or ventilation limited.
Smoke that lazily exhausts and lifts, may indicate a fire that is located farther away from the point of entry, less intense, or located on the floor below.
Page 47- Attack Methods:
"Interior crews must understand that a compartment with heat reaching temperatures of 800 degrees or more at the ceiling level and thick smoke banked down near the floor are
_pre- _______ ________
Penciling will immediately decrease building heat within a compartment by _____ %
Interior crews must understand that a compartment with heat reaching temperatures of 800 degrees or more at the ceiling level and thick smoke banked down near the floor are
_pre flashover conditions_
Penciling will immediately decrease building heat within a compartment by _50-60_ %
Page 17- Velocity or speed of smoke:
"Viewed from outside a building, slow moving smoke flow could mean the fire is _______ or that the compartment is still absorbing heat...
conversely, fast moving smoke flow seen outside the building could mean the fire is _____ or that compartment cannot absorb any more heat."
" Viewed from outside a building, slow moving smoke flow could mean _ distant_ or that the compartment is still absorbing heat...
conversely, fast moving smoke flow seen outside the building could mean the fire is _near_ or _that the compartment cannot absorb any more heat. "
Upper range of temperature tenability for humans is around ______ degrees F
_______ ppm of Carbon Monoxide, the human body is rendered unconscious within __ - ___ seconds.
Percentages of Oxygen less than ___% result in death rapidly
Upper range of temperature tenability for humans is around __212_ degrees F
200,000_ ppm of Carbon Monoxide, the human body is rendered unconscious within _4- 12_ seconds
Percentages of Oxygen less than _10 %_ result in death rapidly
Page 17- Reading Smoke Color:
Color of Smoke is Black/ Brown
Is the smoke too lean or too rich to burn?
Smoke is typically too rich to burn.
Fire is fully developed, or decay stage fire that is extremely ventilation limited.
page 17
Page 49- Mercury Quick Attack Monitor-
Using a smoothbore nozzle at 80 PSI
or
a straight stream fog nozzle at 100 PSI yields a reach of approximately ____ feet.
Medium Fog pattern will reach a distance of ___ feet
Wide Fog Pattern with reach a distance of ___ feet
Using a smoothbore nozzle at 80 PSI or a straight stream fog nozzle at 100 PSI yields a reach of approximately _185_ feet.
Medium Fog pattern will reach a distance of _50_ feet
Wide Fog Pattern with reach a distance of _25_ feet
Page 53- Estimating the Stretch:
these are typically spaced 75' apart
Telephone Poles
Page 54-
It is preferred to chock doors at a __(area of the door)__ in case personnel will have to retreat due to advancing fire conditions.
It is preferred to chock doors at a __lower portion__ in case personnel will have to retreat due to advancing fire conditions.
Page 21
the C in RECEO-VS
Rescue
Exposure
Confinement
Extinguishment
Overhaul
-
Ventilation
Salvage
Advanced fire conditions
Defensive Operations
Unknown Fire Location
Large Open Area
Tons of Water
Standpipes
page 40- Fire attack Strategy
____ attack is an effort of trying to prevent the area around the structure from being damaged.
Defensive attack
The defensive attack is an effort of trying to prevent the area around the structure from being damaged. Defensive attacks are performed when it is decided that a building is not savable.
Page 41 - name the fire attack strategy
"_______: when the initial attack is defensive and then transitions to offensive once the fire is knocked down by exterior streams...… typically with a large caliber stream, and then progresses to an interior offensive attack using handlines"
blitz attack
"... blitz attack, which is commonly used when the initial attack is defensive then transitions to offensive .... With this strategy, the engine crew knocks down the main body of fire from the exterior upon arrival, typically with a large caliber stream, and then progresses to an interior offensive attack using handlines"
page 41
Parking Spaces for a garden apartment and strip shopping center are approximately ___ feet apart.
Parking Spaces for a garden apartment and strip shopping center are approximately _10_ feet apart.
Page 17- Smoke will present as fast or slow moving.
"The heat of the expanding smoke is absorbed as smoke flows across the ceilings, walls, and doors. As the heat is absorbed, the smoke will become _______"
"The heat of the expanding smoke is absorbed as smoke flows across the ceilings, walls, and doors. As the heat is absorbed, the smoke will become _calm, orderly, and free flowing_"
page 17
Page 17-
Velocity or speed of smoke provide two critical pieces of information on the fire ground.
"general location of the heat source"
"fire's current flow path or air track"
page 17
Page 39- Retreats and Evacuations:
"a ________ _________ is a coordinated and specific relocation of units and their equipment operating from an area deemed unstable to a specific area deemed safe to continue operations."
"a _tactical withdraw__ is a coordinated and specific relocation of units and their equipment operating from an area deemed unstable to a specific area deemed safe to continue operations."
RECEO- VS
Rescue
Exposure
Confinement
Overhaul
Ventilation
Salvage
Pag 26- During an ongoing size-up, the IC needs to know the progression of fire extinguishment, number of victims/ their removal, status of the building, and the need for additional resources...
An easy way to answer or transmit this progress report is by using an acronym...
CAN
Conditions
Actions
Needs
Page 16- Reading Smoke
Smoke density and color together are an indicator of the ________.
Smoke density and color together are an indicator of the _flammability_.
page 16
Page 21
What is the "primary goal of an exposure line?"
Primary goal of the exposure line is to minimize fire spread and to stay ahead of the fire.
page 21
Page 15-
to perform hydraulic ventilation, the hose line should be positioned _____ feet from the opening, with a _____ nozzle that will cover ____% of the opening.
to perform hydraulic ventilation, the hose line should be positioned _2_ feet from the opening, with a _fog_ nozzle that will cover _80_% of the opening.
page 15
Page 17- Reading Smoke-
Color of smoke is white. or white/grey
Is the smoke too lean, or too rich?
"White smoke indicates moisture or early stage incipience Class A fire.
Smoke is too lean to contribute to fire load"
page 17
Page 45-
the expansion ratio of water to steam
1 : 1700 @ 212 degrees F
Page 39- Retreats and Evacuations:
"____ ______ shall be announced when conditions dictate the immediate evacuation of all personnel from an unsafe structure or other dangerous area."
"Unless otherwise ordered, ladders, hoselines, and tools shall remain in place"
_emergency evacuation __ shall be announced when conditions dictate the immediate evacuation of all personnel from an unsafe structure or other dangerous area.
Engine companies that have evacuated and are outside, should continue to staff handlines
Unless otherwise ordered, ladders, hoselines, and tools shall remain _in place__
Page 15- Ventilation:
"________ ________ is the process of Removing large amounts of smoke, fire gases, and heat from the interior of the structure within the fire compartment"
Hydraulic Ventilation
page 15