Literary Devices
What is the difference between a simile and a metaphor?
A simile compares using “like” or “as”; a metaphor compares without using these words
Define "noun," "verb," and "adjective"
Noun: person/place/thing/idea; Verb: action word; Adjective: descriptive word
List the six stages of the plot diagram
Exposition/Inciting Moment/Rising Action/Climax/Falling Action/Resolution
What are the two main types of rhetoric?
Argumentative/persuasive
What is "bias?"
A prejudice in favor of or against something
Define "diction" and "syntax"
Diction means "word choice"; syntax means "sentence structure"
What is a homophone? Give an example
A word that sounds the same as another, but has a different meaning (ex: horse/hoarse)
What is the plot twist at the end of "The Sniper?"
The antagonist turns out to be the protagonist's brother
What are the three main rhetorical strategies?
Pathos/ethos/logos
Give an example of a specific type of bias and describe what it is
Various: Confirmation Bias, Dunning-Kruger Effect, In-Group Bias, Self-Serving Bias, Availability Bias, Anchoring Bias, Hindsight Bias, Status Quo Bias, Fundamental Attribution
What are the three types of irony?
Verbal, situational, dramatic
List three components of dialogue formatting
Quotation marks/punctuation inside quotes/attributives/new speaker=new paragraph
Describe the central conflict presented at the beginning of The Martian
An astronaut is stranded on Mars with limited resources for survival
List the three main components of a body paragraph in a rhetorical essay
Claim/reasoning/evidence
What is an "ad hominem" attack?
A criticism of a person making an argument rather than the argument itself
Give an example of symbolism from a story
Answers will vary; Mockingjay pin, bat motif in Batman, the house on Mango Street
List three reasons to capitalize a word
Beginning of sentence/beginning of dialogue/proper noun (name of something)/”I”
Describe one of the themes presented in Trevor Noah's "Chameleon"
Various: Language brings people closer together/People thrive in a familiar environment
Define the terms "counterclaim" and "rebuttal"
A reason in support of the opposing side/evidence to disprove a counterclaim
What is a "strawman" argument?
A distracting argument that attacks a similar, but different subject than the one being discussed
Pronounce and give a definition (or example) of one of the following words: anachronism/colloquialism
An anachronism is something out of place in a time period; colloquialism is informal language/slang
Define “appositive”
Appositives, phrases that rename a previous noun, are separated by commas.
Describe the author's purpose of any story or excerpt we've read in class. Use text evidence to justify your answer
Answers will vary
Come up with a claim, a reason to support it, and a counterclaim
Answers will vary
Various: Who wrote it? Why did they write it? Who do they work for? How does it compare to other sources?