Unit 1
to persuade into erroneous thinking, or to mislead
delude
to make more severe; to intensify
exacerbate
state of currently occupying an office
incumbency
not returned or repaid in kind
unrequited
protection against loss or damage
indemity
What is a central idea?
dominant impression or the universal, generic truth found in the story
Rhetorical writing is used most commonly to...
persuade
Effective text structure has...
A clear introduction, body and conclusion
What is a theme?
an idea that recurs in or pervades a work of art or literature
What are some important features of an argument?
Thesis, claim(s), counterargument
Steps of an Introduction
Hook, introduce topic(s), thesis
What is the purpose of making an outline?
To organize your thoughts on a topic before writing
Revisions allow the writer to...
Do a final check of grammar, sentence structure, spelling, and more.
Which strategies can a writer use to vary syntax in a text?
A) Use varying kinds of tone throughout the text. Use multiple headings and bulleted lists to separate sentences and paragraphs.
B) Use sentences of different lengths and complexity. Use transitional words and phrases at the beginnings and ends of sentences and paragraphs.
B) Use sentences of different lengths and complexity. Use transitional words and phrases at the beginnings and ends of sentences and paragraphs.
Why is a conclusion important?
The author of “Cyber-psychopathy: What Goes On in a Hacker’s Head” states that a crucial component of computer hacking lies in “the dark science of social engineering (or ‘hacking the human’).” What idea is implied but not directly stated in this sentence?
A) Hackers manipulate human emotions and behaviors in order to access the information they need.
B)Hackers blackmail people to easily gain access to all the sites they need in order to complete their hacks.
A) Hackers manipulate human emotions and behaviors in order to access the information they need.
"The sandstorm that engulfed the highway grabbed Ray’s car and shook it hard, yanking a curtain of dust across his field of vision."
What two types of figurative language are used above?
Metaphor and personification
Why would a writer appeal to a reader's sense of pathos in a piece of writing?
To poke the reader in the feels; to convince the reader through an emotional argument
Which option most accurately explains the constitutional principle of rule of law?
A) Individuals, rather than someone within the government, have the power to control their rights.
B) Each citizen is empowered by individual freedoms and rights guaranteed by the Bill of Rights.
C) Government should divide its power among three branches to limit the government’s power.
B) Each citizen is empowered by individual freedoms and rights guaranteed by the Bill of Rights.
By calling and writing our representatives in Congress, we can make our voices heard. Which option correctly identifies the element being used in the excerpt?
A) call to action
B) explanation of topic’s importance
A) call to action
Which paragraph about spiders is written in the style and tone of informative writing?
A)Spiders are the most useful creatures on the planet because they eat a lot of other bugs. They’re also a sign of good luck! No one should ever kill spiders.
B)Spiders are arachnids, which differ from insects in many ways. Arachnids have eight legs instead of six, they have two main body parts instead of three, and they never grow antennae. Spiders can be found on almost every continent on Earth.
B)Spiders are arachnids, which differ from insects in many ways. Arachnids have eight legs instead of six, they have two main body parts instead of three, and they never grow antennae. Spiders can be found on almost every continent on Earth.
Several recent reports indicate that although women are studying engineering in greater and greater numbers, many quit engineering during or after school. Women are leaving the profession in vastly higher numbers than men and are choosing to enter other fields.
Based on the prompt, which research question most effectively demonstrates an appropriate focus and scope for your research paper?
A) Why are women studying engineering in greater numbers?
B) What could be causing women to drop out of jobs and programs in engineering?
B) What could be causing women to drop out of jobs and programs in engineering?
Which sentence demonstrates writing in a style and tone that are most appropriate for an audience of professional scientists?
A) The oxygen levels went way down beyond what was expected.
B) The results of the experiment showed a quantifiable decrease in oxygen levels.
B) The results of the experiment showed a quantifiable decrease in oxygen levels.
Which sentence is written in a tone and style most appropriate for a researched, informational essay with an academic audience?
A) Butterflies are insects, and they have the same four-stage life cycle as other insects do.
B) Butterflies will go extinct soon, and many people agree with this fact.
A) Butterflies are insects, and they have the same four-stage life cycle as other insects do.
In which option is the information presented correctly?
A) Jenny had to wash the car, buy groceries, and go to the bank before returning home.
B) Jenny had to wash the car. And buy groceries, and go to the bank before returning home.
C) Jenny had to wash the car, she bought groceries, and went to the bank before returning home.
A) Jenny had to wash the car, buy groceries, and go to the bank before returning home.