Gerunds
This term describes a verb ending in -ing that functions as a noun in a sentence.
A gerund
This type of phrase begins with a gerund and includes its object or modifiers.
gerund phrase
This word always begins the “if-clause” in a first conditional sentence.
if
This term describes a noun or noun phrase that renames or gives extra information about another noun.
appositive
Who invited the first airplane? (hint: they are brothers)
The Wright Brothers
In the sentence, “Swimming is fun,” what word is the gerund.
swimming
n the sentence, “Eating ice cream on a hot day is refreshing,” what is the gerund phrase?
“eating ice cream on a hot day”
What verb tense do we use in the "if" part of a sentence?
present simple
In the sentence, “My brother, a talented musician, plays guitar,” what is the appositive.
a talented musician
What do propellers on an airplane do?
Move it forward
In the sentence, “She enjoys reading,” this part of the sentence tells you the function of the gerund.
Main clause/Direct Object
In the sentence, “I enjoy watching movies with friends,” what is the gerund phrase?
"watching movies with friends"
In the sentence, “If it rains, we will stay inside,” this part is the result clause.
we will stay inside
An appositive is usually placed next to this part of the sentence.
the noun it renames
What US state did the Wright Brothers grow up in?
Ohio
This type of phrase is formed when a gerund is followed by its object or modifiers.
Gerund Phrase
In the sentence, “Driving too fast can be dangerous,” this word marks the start of the gerund phrase.
driving
This verb form always appears in the main clause of a first conditional.
“will” + base verb/infinitive
In the sentence, “Ms. Lopez, our English teacher, assigned the project,” this is the function of the appositive.
giving extra information about Ms. Lopez
What month did the first airplane fly in?
December!
In the sentence, “His constant complaining annoyed the class,” this word shows that the gerund is being used as a noun.
complaining
In the sentence, “Her singing loudly during class disrupted the lesson,” what is the entire group of words that make the gerund phrase?
“her singing loudly during class”
Identify the first conditional sentence among these options:
A) If I studied more, I would pass.
B) If the bus comes early, we will arrive on time.
C) If she had known, she would have left.
B
In the sentence, “The winner of the contest, Maria, received a trophy,” identify the appositive phrase.
“the winner of the contest”
How long did the first airplane flight fly for?
12 seconds