Parts of Speech
What part of speech is the word "quickly" in the sentence "She ran quickly to the store"?
Adverb
What is the head of the noun phrase in "[the computer I bought]"?
Computer
What is the function of "their lives" in "More than 200 people lost their lives"?
Direct Object
Identify the tense and form of the verb in this finite clause: "He’s working tonight."
Present Continuous
What is the difference between a lexical verb and an auxiliary verb?
A lexical verb provides specific meaning about actions or states, while an auxiliary verb conveys grammatical meaning of secondary importance.
In "The big brown dog barked loudly," what part of speech is "dog"?
Noun
Name a phrase type that can function as an Adjunct.
Noun Phrase, Adverb Phrase, or Prepositional Phrase
In "I gave the boy a toy to play with," what is "the boy"?
Indirect Object
What distinguishes a finite clause from a non-finite clause?
A finite clause has an overt Subject and a tense-marked verb; a non-finite clause does not.
Name two modal auxiliary verbs.
Examples include can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must.
Identify the part of speech of "because" in "She stayed home because it was raining."
Conjunction
Identify the prepositional phrase in this sentence: "Put those books on my desk."
Identify the Subject Complement in "They are English teachers."
English Teachers
Give an example of a non-finite clause.
She wants us to leave now.
What is the syntactic characteristic of auxiliaries that allows for inversion in interrogative sentences?
Subject-auxiliary inversion.
What part of speech is "might" in the sentence "He might go to the party later"?
Modal Verb
What are the prehead and posthead elements in the phrase "[the boy (who is playing in his room)]"?
Prehead: the; Posthead: who is playing in his room
Give an example of a verb that typically requires a Prepositional Object.
Look at, depend on
What is the function of the subordinate clause in "They’ll send us the information if we give them our address"?
Adjunct (Adverbial Clause)
Identify the complementation type of the verb in this sentence: "The magician handed a black hat to his assistant."
The verb has both a Direct Object (DO) and an Indirect Object (IO) realized as a Prepositional Phrase (PrepP).
In "They depend on him financially," what is the part of speech of "on"?
Preposition
Define what a Prepositional Object is.
It is a function at the sentence level associated with prepositional verbs.
Explain the difference between a Prepositional Object and the Object of a Preposition.
A Prepositional Object is a sentence-level function, while the Object of a Preposition forms a constituent with the preposition.
What type of clause is "because she was tired" in "She went to bed early because she was tired"?
Subordinate clause
When a verb requires both a Direct Object (DO) and an Indirect Object (IO), which can become the subject in the passive voice?
Either the DO or IO can become the subject, depending on the verb structure. For example: "He was given a gift" (IO as subject) or "A gift was given to him" (DO as subject).