TENSES
I ____ (go) to Italy tonight. My plane ____ (leave) at 7 PM.
am going/leaves
Usually, we use Present Continuous for future plans and Present Simple for timetables.
If you ____ (heat) water to 100°C, it ____ (boil).
heat/boils
"0" conditional
If + Present Simple, Present Simple
Used for scientific facts, rules, and general truths.
Fill the gap.
This shop ____ (close) every August summer for two weeks.
is closed
Present Simple Passive
One who is able to quickly recover from difficulties.
resilient
Explain: to break the ice.
To start a conversation in a social situation, making people feel more comfortable.
“Yesterday she ____ (cook) dinner while he ____ (set) the table, and the children ____ (play) outside.”
was cooking / was setting/were playing
Multiple actions at the same time in the past.
If it ____ (rain) tomorrow, we ____ (stay) at home.
rains / will stay
The 1st conditional
If + Present Simple, will + base verb
Talks about real, possible future situations
Fill the gap.
The trees____ (break) during the snowstorm yesterday.
were broken
Past Simple Passive for completed action in the past.
Explain: meticulous
Extremely careful and precise.
Explain: hit the sack.
Go to bed / sleep.
“I ____ (read) the book when the phone ____ (ring).”
was reading/rang
(Past Continuous + Past Simple for interruption)
If I ____ (have) a million dollars, I ____ (buy) a Zoo and set all animals free.
had/ would buy
the 2nd conditional
If + Past Simple, would + base verb
Talks about hypothetical/imaginary situations now or in the future.
Fill the gap:
The new bridge ____ (open) next year.
will be opened
Future Passive: will + be + past participle.
Logical and consistent; easy to understand
coherent
Something that happens very rarely.
Once in a blue moon.
Which one is correct: "He always interrupts me!" or "He is always interrupting me!"
"He is always interrupting me!"
We use the present continuous to talk about annoying habits.
If she ____ (study) harder, she ____ (pass) the exam.
had studied/would have passed
the 3rd conditional
If + Past Perfect, would have + past participle
Talks about past situations that didn’t happen
He said, “I saw that movie last week.”
Fill the gap: He said that he ____ (see) that movie the week before.
had seen
Past Simple → Past Perfect in reported speech + time shift
Come up with synonym for the word "tenacious".
determined, persistent
To do something in a quicker, easier, or cheaper way, often sacrificing quality.
To cut corners
He ____ (study) all night, so he was very tired yesterday.
had been studying
Signal word: all night → use Past Perfect Continuous
Put the words in the correct order. Make a third conditional sentence.
locked the of had house not I would remembered out my keys, been have I.
Had I remembered my keys, I would not have been locked out of the house.
Had I not remembered my keys, I would have been locked out of the house.
No “if” → uses inversion (Had + subject)
Convert into the passive reported speech:
“You must submit the report tomorrow,” said the teacher.
The teacher said that the report had to be submitted the next day.
Passive + time shift
Come up with the antonym for the word "pivotal".
minor, insignificant
Something that seems bad at first but turns out to be good.
A blessing in disguise