Simple Machines
How is a catapult a simple machine?
It uses wheel/axle, pulley, lever, wedge, inclined plane or screw
What is a catapult?
Any kind of device that shoots or launches a projectile by mechanical means.
What is a projectile?
Any object thrown/launched by a force.
Gravity is the only thing that effects a projectile.
What is a bow and arrow?
The bow and arrow is a ranged weapon system consisting of an elastic launching device (bow) and long-shafted projectiles (arrows) .
What is energy?
The ability of a system to perform work.
What is work?
Work is applying a force over a specific distance
What are the three main types of catapults?
Trebuchet
Mangonel
Ballista
What are some examples of projectiles?
Arrow
Football
Soccerball, etc.
What are the three types of bows?
Long, Recurve and Compound
List five different types of energy?
Kinetic, potential, thermal, electrical, nuclear, sound, wind, solar
What is the difference between a wheel/axle and a pulley?
A wheel and axle is a single device that is used for linear motion. A pulley uses a wheel and axle with a rope to lift and lower.
What is a Ballista catapult?
Similar to a giant crossbow. Tension powered. Launches darts up to 200m/
What is tragectory?
The path the projectile follows when in motion.
How can you fix an arrow that is not shooting correctly?
Add fletching to the arrow to help stabilize the shot.
What is potential energy and kinetic energy?
Potential energy is energy that is stored. Kinetic energy is energy that is in motion.
What is the difference between a wedge and an inclined plane?
An inclined plane is flat surface that is higher on one end and lower in the other. A wedge is smaller inclined plane that is portable and used to hold things together.
What is a Mangonel catapult?
Torsion powered. Hurls objects from a cup on an arm.
A) What angle provides the best height?
B) What angle provides the furthest distance?
A) 90 degrees
B) 45 degrees
What is archery?
The sport or skill of shooting with a bow and arrows, especially at a target
How does a roller coaster work?
The roller coaster goes to a certain height to build up potential energy as possible. Once roller coaster goes down hill it turns the energy into kinetic energy. The whole roller coaster ride is a series of potential to kinetic energy transformations.
List and explain examples of all 6 simple machines
wedge
inclined plane
lever
pulley
wheel and axle
screw
What is a Trebuchet catapult?
A large machine used in medieval siege warfare for hurling large stones over castle walls.
Why does a projectile launched straight up, come back down? Explain this process by using speed in your response.
The object is launched with an initial speed as it further goes up the slower it gets due to gravity until it reaches a speed of zero and then come back down.
What is archer's paradox?
Explains why an archer needs to aim slightly off target, because of the wobble of the arrow as it approaches its target.
Explain the energy(phases) behind shooting a bow and arrow?
1) pull back bow string to store energy
2)shoot arrow transforming potential to kinetic energy
3)Kinetic energy in the string is transferred to the arrow