Vocabulary
Similar to the US Bill of Rights, this document established the rights and liberties of the people and limited the power of the monarchy
English Bill of Rights
The 3 branches of the United States government
Legislative, executive, and judicial
Enlightenment philosopher believed humans were entitled to (natural rights) rights to life, liberty, & ownership of property
John Locke
This Enlightenment thinker defended equality of women with men based on human reason
Mary Wollstonecraft
The theory that states rulers get their authority from GOD, and therefore, their rule cannot be disputed
Divine Right Theory
A type of legislature that involves having two branches or chambers
Bicameral
The division of government responsibilities into distinct branches to limit any one branch from exercising the core functions of another
Separation of Powers
The philosopher who believed people were ambitious and selfish and needed to be governed
Thomas Hobbes
Enlightenment thinker that believed government gets its power from the consent of the governed
Rousseau
The British system of law based on rulings of earlier cases
Common Law
Rights people are born with such as the right to live, be free and own property
Natural Rights
Individuals give up certain natural rights in order to enjoy the benefits of society
Social Contract Theory
Another name for The Enlightenment Era
Age of Reason
This Enlightenment thinker was the author of the Encyclopedia
Diderot
The ability of each branch to respond to the actions of the other branches
Checks & Balances
A ruling in an earlier case that was similar
Precedent
What rights were thought of by John Locke during the Enlightenment and you get them just by existing as a human being?
Natural Rights
In the United States we have a government that separates the leader's powers. Which Enlightenment thinker is this idea based on?
Montesquieu
The era before the Enlightenment that produced a new way of thinking about the world based on logic & reason
The Scientific Revolution
The Enlightenment ideas spread by hosting these social gatherings all over Europe
Salons
A theory of free-market capitalism that opposes government intervention in the economy
Laissez-faire economics
This document limited the power of the English King.
Magna Carta
Enlightenment philosopher demanded that kings offer their people freedoms of thought, speech, & religion
Voltaire
Society before the existence of government
State of Nature
A government is only legitimate if the people have given it consent to govern
Popular Sovereignty