Voltaire
who is Voltaire?
This philosopher's writings influenced the American Bill of Rights.
Who is John Locke?
He believed people are born with natural rights to life, liberty, and property.
Who is Montesquieu?
He advocated for separation of powers in government.
. Who is Thomas Hobbes?
He believed life without government would be "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short"
Who is Machi.?
He wrote "The Prince", a guide for rulers on gaining and maintaining power.
He was a prolific writer and philosopher who used satire to critique societal norms.
Who is Voltaire?
Locke believed that the mind is a blank slate, or tabula rasa, at birth.
Who is John Locke?
Montesquieu's writings influenced the development of the US Constitution's system of government.
: Who is Montesquieu
Hobbes argued that a strong government is needed to protect people from their own self-interest.
Who is Thomas Hobbes?
believed that a ruler should be feared rather than loved.
Machi.
What institution did Voltaire frequently criticize for suppressing freedom and reason?
The Catholic Church.
What must citizens do if a government fails to protect natural rights, according to Locke?
They have the right to revolt and form a new government.
Which founding document of the U.S. reflects Montesquieu’s ideas about checks and balances?
The U.S. Constitution.
What type of government did Hobbes believe was necessary to keep peace?
An absolute sovereign or strong central authority
What was Machiavelli’s view of effective rulers?
They must be pragmatic and sometimes ruthless to maintain power.
How did Voltaire influence American views on civil liberties?
By promoting freedom of speech, expression, and separation of church and state.
Which U.S. founding document reflects Locke’s idea of natural rights?
The Declaration of Independence.
What political principle did Montesquieu say was necessary to protect political liberty?
Checks and balances between branches of government.
Hobbes believed people willingly give up freedoms in exchange for security. What is this idea called?
The social contract.
Machiavelli is often called the father of what?
Modern political science.
Which Enlightenment value did Voltaire champion that contributed to the U.S. Bill of Rights?
Individual rights and freedoms.
Locke believed government should have limited power. What is another name for this idea?
Limited government.
Montesquieu believed each branch should be able to restrain the others. What is this system called?
Checks and balances.
Did Hobbes think people are naturally good or naturally in conflict?
He believed humans are naturally in conflict and self-interested.
Unlike other Enlightenment thinkers, Machiavelli focused more on how to maintain power than on natural rights. True or false?
True.