John Locke
What are the three rights John Locke believed?
Life, Liberty, and Property
Definition of a pessimist.
A person who tends to see the worst in a situation or who believes the worse will happen
The belief that kings and queens have a God-given right to rule, and that rebellion against them is a sin
“divine right of kings”
The study of ideas about knowledge, life, and truth; literally, love of wisdom
Philosophy
What does the U.S. Constitution do?
It outlines, or organizes, the government.
Why did Locke flee to Holland
He was in fear for his life.
Where he went into hiding under the name Dr. van der Linden.
What kind of government did Hobbes favor?
He favored a strong government with strict laws to keep people from fighting each other.
What was gravitation?
the attractive force existing between any two objects that have mass; the force that pulls objects together
What one thing was Descartes certain of?
His thoughts were his own, and they proved his existence.
Why did most writers in France during the 1700s choose their words carefully?
Writers were at risk of being imprisoned for their words or beliefs, especially if they spoke out against the monarch or government.
What does the phrase tabula rasa mean, and how is it connected to John Locke?
Tabula rasa means “blank slate”
Locke believed that the mind is a blank slate when a person is born
Hobbes believed freedom is
Hobbes argued that real human freedom is the ability to live peacefully without being threatened by others.
Why did Newton get so much down during the plague of 1665?
He waited out the epidemic with little to do but think.
Descartes is considered to be the Father of Modern ______________
Philosophy
When was the U.S. Constitution written?
It was written in 1787.
What is the Bill of Rights
A series of laws that protect the liberties and freedoms of citizens
How did Thomas Hobbes describe human beings in their natural state?
Naturally selfish
How did people's perceptions or ideas about Isaac newton differ from who he actually was?
Newton appeared to be very scatterbrained; no one assumed he was a genius or as smart as he really was.
For young thinkers, that was the place to explore new ideas and express them freely.
Where was that place?
Holland
Why was Thomas Jefferson particularly well suited to writing the Declaration of Independence?
Jefferson had years of education, including a college degree
What was the Glorious Revolution?
A change in government; no bloodshed or violence
No king or queen could rule in England without the consent of Parliament.
Why did Montesquieu keep his identity as author of The Persian Letters a secret?
The book made fun of the French ruling class.
Montesquieu could have been thrown in prison for publishing these ideas in his own name.
Who is considered the Father of the Constitution?
James Madison
How did Descartes change the way people thought about their world?
He showed people how to use observation and reason to find truths, rather than accepting them on faith alone
Encouraged people to question everything except their own existence.
What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful?
Separation of powers and checks and balances help prevent one branch of government from becoming too powerful.