Vocab
An 18th century movement of intellectuals
What is The Enlightenment?
The French philosophe who believed in freedom of speech and religion
What is Voltaire?
What was Thomas Hobbes Belief?
People agree to be ruled by an absolute monarch in order to have security. Giving up their liberty in the process.
Which Enlightenment Thinker Influenced the Declaration of Independence?
John Locke
His philosophy advocates for a social contract where citizens form a "general will" to preserve freedom, believing that the people hold the ultimate right to govern themselves and should participate in a system of direct democracy.
Jean-Jacques Rosseau.
Enlightenment thinkers were referred to by this name
What is philosophes?
He is the English philosophe who believed that people were reasonable and could behave in an orderly manner
Who is John Locke?
What was John Locke's Belief?
People have rights to life, liberty, and property that the government must protect for the common good
Which Enlightenment Thinker greatly influenced Separation of Powers?
Baron de Montesquieu
He argued that the purpose of punishment is deterrence, not retribution, and proposed that punishments should be proportional to the crime, certain, swift, and public. Also advocated for a speedy and fair trial for those accused.
Who is Caesar Beccaria.
The elegant place where Enlightenment thinkers went to discuss and spread new ideas
What is a salon?
He is the English philosophe who believed the monarch should have absolute power
Who is Thomas Hobbes?
What was Baron de Montesquieu's Belief?
Separate the parts of government so no one part can become too powerful.
Which Enlightenment Thinker Influenced the Social Contract?
Thomas Hobbes.
Who created the Idea that government should be divided so no one can become too powerful?
Baron de Montesquieu.
Two of the words which were common among philosophes
What is reason, natural law, hope, progress?
He is the French philosophe who supported the idea of separation of powers and checks & balances.
Who is Montesquieu?
What was Voltaire's belief?
People have the right to speak freely, and this right should be defended by everyone.
The works of Mary Wollstonecraft heavily influenced the right for women to become?
Equal and educated.
Who created the Idea of a Social Contract?
Thomas Hobbes.
An agreement among the members of a society to cooperate for social benefits, for example, by sacrificing some individual freedom for state protection.
What is a Social Contract.
She was instrumental in helping to address the rights of women during the Enlightenment
Who is Mary Wollenstonecraft?
What was Jean-Jacques Rosseau's belief?
The legislative power belongs to the people.
What U.S. founding documents are directly influenced by Enlightenment Thinkers?
Declaration of Independence & U.S. Constitution
Advocated for freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and the separation of church and state.
Who is Voltaire.