Enlightenment Thinkers
an Enlightenment thinker who advocated for women's rights and an equal education for men and women
Who is Mary Wollstonecraft?
the first scientist to create a precise thermometer using mercury
Who is Gabriel Fahrenheit?
this is a French prison that housed political prisoners and munitions; it was raided by French revolutionists in protest to royal power
What is the Bastille?
this is a type of monarchy where a king/queen has complete control over decision-making
What is an absolute monarchy?
What is "no taxation without representation"?
this Enlightenment thinker believed in a balance of powers--we see this in the 3 branches of government (legislative, judicial, executive)
Who is Montesquieu?
this scientist developed the law of gravity
this was established to suppress opposition to the revolution; led by Georges Danton
What is the Committee of Public Safety?
this absolute monarch named himself the "Sun King" and had the Palace of Versailles built to showcase his wealth and house the nobility of France
Who is Louis XIV?
this war led to Britain's massive debt and forced them into taxing the colonists to pay for it
What is the French and Indian War?
an Enlightenment thinker who coined the phrase "life, liberty, and property" --rights all people are born with
Who is John Locke?
a process of stating a problem, hypothesis, a research process, and a conclusion
What is the scientific method?
What is the Third Estate?
this was another absolute monarch during the Enlightenment time period
Who is (I'll accept any of the follow): Frederick the Great, Elizabeth I, Catherine the Great, Phillip II, Peter the Great, OR Maria Theresa?
this was a system set up by Napoleon to weaken England; he did not allow European nations to trade with England
What is the continental system?
this Enlightenment thinker said, "I disagree with what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it."
Who is Voltaire?
this scientist discovered that electricity and lightning are identical
Who is Benjamin Franklin?
a member of the Committee of Public Safety; led the Reign of Terror, sent many to the guillotine, where he also met his demise
Who is Robespierre?
this is a type of monarchy where a king/queen shares the decision-making responsibility with a legally organized government
What is a constitutional monarchy?
this was a document signed by Charles I that limited his rights as king
What is the Petition of Rights?
an Enlightenment thinker who believed people are naturally evil and a strong government, such as an absolute monarchy, is essential to prevent humans from harming one another.
Who is Thomas Hobbes?
this scientist developed the heliocentric theory which suggested that the sun is at the center of the universe rather than the Earth
Who is Copernicus?
these are the members of the 1st and 2nd Estates in French society
Who are church officials (in the first) and nobility (in the second)?
these two were made king/queen of the first constitutional monarchy
Who were William and Mary?
this was an oath that members of the Third Estate made after they were not allowed to meet in which they vowed to continue meeting until the king recognized them as a legitimate governing body
What is the Tennis Court Oath?