Revolutions
What is an example contract from the American Revolution?
The Declaration of Independence
What absolute ruler raised the taxes and built the palace of versailles?
Louis 14th
What voyage brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies?
The Middle Passage
Who came up with the heliocentric theory?
Who proved the heliocentric theory?
1. Nicolas Copernicus
2. Galileo
What did Voltaire believe in?
Civil liberties of freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and separation of church and state
What is another name for the French & Indian War?
Seven Years war
Who published the 95 theses? What was he most upset about when publishing these?
Martin Luther was upset about the church selling indulgences
What trade route exchanged plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages?
Columbian Exchange
How did the Catholic church feel about the Scientific Revolution? What happened to Galileo as a result?
Scientists should not question the word of God. Galileo was placed on house arrest for the remainder of his life after proving the heliocentric theory.
"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.”-- Thomas Jefferson, The Declaration of Independence, 1776
What enlightenment philosopher did Thomas Jefferson likely get the idea of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness from?
John Locke
What was Robespierres main goal during the reign of terror?
To bring democratic principles to France and to execute anyone who was against the revolution
What reformation leader believed in predestination? What would his religion later be called?
1. John Calvin
2. Calvinism
Fill in the blanks:
Portuguese exploration primarily created __________, while Spanish exploration primarily created _____________.
1. Routes
2. Colonies
Who came up with the laws of motion? What is the first law?
Isaac Newton
First Law: An object in motion will stay in motion unless acted on by an outside force, an object at rest will stay at rest unless acted on by an outside force
Who published a book saying that women are not inferior to men, they just do not have the same education opportunities as men
Mary Wollstonecraft
Describe who is in each estate system in France? Who had the least power?
First Estate: Clergy
Second Estate: Nobels
Third Estate: Everyone Else- mostly peasants
The third estate has the least amount of power
Why did Henry VIII break away from the Catholic Church?
He wanted to annul/divorce his marriage and marry his girlfriend to get an heir to the throne- the pope told him he could not get a divorce so he broke away
How did the African Slave Trade affect African Societies?
It destabilized kingdoms and governments across Africa & led to more warfare to provide for people for slavery
Who came up with scientific method? What are the steps?
Sir Francis Bacon
Reason, question, observation, hypothesis, experiment, analyze, conclusion
What three philosophers had something to do with the foundation of the American Government?
Voltaire, Montesquieu, and John Locke
What rumor sparked a revolt in Haiti in 1789, leading to the Haitian Revolution?
Slaves heard a rumor that the king of France had granted their freedom
What two absolute rulers ruled in Russian between 1600 & 1750?
Catherine the Great
Peter the Great
What economic system was created to increase the wealth of the mother country and exporting more goods than they import?
Mercantilism
Explain the following terms:
Heliocentric, Geocentric
Heliocentric: The sun is the center of the universe
Geocentric: The Earth is the center of the universe
What philosopher believed that people are born evil and that absolute monarch is the best form of government?
Thomas Hobbes