Enlightenment 1
A time period when philosophers started to rethink old ideas about religion, government, and economics.
Age of Enlightenment
Who developed the concept of natural rights and stated that all human beings have the right to “life, liberty, and property"?
John Locke
What key phrase in the Declaration of Independence was influenced by John Locke?
Rights of people: "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."
What type of government was there in France in the 16th and 17th centuries?
Absolute monarch
After the king was executed, what type of government did France have?
a Republic
Philosopher that believed in a separation of power amongst the branches of government.
Montesquie
Who said that people are evil and selfish and need an absolute monarch?
Hobbes
Why was the American Revolution important to world history?
1) First time a colony overthrew their mother country
2) First time government created using enlightenment ideas
3) Inspired revolutions in Europe and in Latin America
Who were king and queen of France in 1789?
Louis XVI (16) and Marie Antoinette
Why did members of the Third Estate "storm" the Bastille?
They wanted gunpowder for the weapons because they thought the king was sending his military after them.
Philosopher who would have been against the death penalty.
Beccaria
Philosopher who believed in the rights of freedom of speech and religion.
Voltaire
What war caused the British government to go in debt and then tax the American colonists?
The French-Indian War (also known as the 7 Years War)
What is the class system in France called?
The Estates
What happened at the Estates General meeting that "sparked" the French Revolution?
The Third Estate formed their own National Assembly since they were locked out of the meeting of the Estates General.
A time period when scholars applied logic and used observations when creating theories about the natural world.
Scientific Revolution
Philosopher who said that power corrupts people.
Rousseau
What beliefs by John Locke influenced the American colonists to revolt against England?
If a government is not protecting the people's natural rights, that government deserves to be overthrown.
Who made up the 3rd Estate and what percentage of the population were they?
Everyone but the clergy and nobles - 97%
What was the Reign of Terror?
Robespierre took control of the National Convention and executed 40,000 "traitors" of the revolution.
Rousseau believed in what type of government?
Direct democracy
The reason for checks and balances in government.
Limits one branch of government having all power.
What is the key phrase that sparked the American Revolution and what does it mean? Be specific!
"Taxation without representation." It means that the American colonists were taxed by the British government which angered the American colonists because they did not have a vote in the British government.
Why did the Third Estate believe their rights were being violated when Louis XVI called together the Estates General (for the 1st time in 175 years!)?
They were only allowed 1 vote.
What government came to power after the French Revolution (that Napoleon eventually overthrew)?
The Directory