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Construction Terminology
Things that are common
Construction types
Basic Firefighter 1 tid bits
Wild Card
100
A type of wood-frame construction in which the studs extend from the basement or foundation to the roof.This type of construction allows fire to spread-often undetected from the basement to the attic through the hollow walls.
What is Balloon framing
100
This building material is the most commonly used in North America
What is Wood / Lumber
100
This type of construction maintains it's structural integrity during a fire, and that it is intended to allow occupants time to exit the building. Consisting mainly of reinforced concrete with structural members including walls, columns,beams,floors,that are protected either by blown-on insulation or automatic sprinklers. This type has limited combustibility,the primary fire hazards are the contents and interior finishes.
What is Type 1 Construction
100
You have a wall that is 20 feet high. Your collapse zone is
What is 30 feet
100
Ongoing mental evaluation process performed by the operational officer in charge of an incident to evaluate all influencing factors and to develop objectives, strategy, and tactics for fire suppression.
What is Size-up
200
A pitched roof characterized by square cut ends and sides that slope down from the ridge line to the eaves. These are the most common roof style on homes and other small buildings
What is a Gable Roof
200
This particular building material is not very common in modern day construction. It is typically found on older buildings and was commonly used as an exterior surface covering( Veneer wall)
What is Cast Iron
200
Exterior walls, bearing walls, floors, and roof supports are made completely or partially of wood or other approved materials of smaller dimensions than those used for heavy timber construction. All most all single family residences and apartment style housing up to 7 stories are constructed this way.
What is Type 5 Construction
200
Obvious cracks in bearing walls are indicators of
What is Collapse Potential
200
These are the four categories of forcible entry tools
What are Cutting tools, Prying tools, Pushing/Pulling tools,and Striking Tools
300
A horizontal structural member used to support beams or joists._________are almost always made of larger dimension than the members they support
What is a Girder
300
_________is the primary material used for structural support in the construction of large modern buildings.
What is Steel
300
These structure do not conform to any of the standard construction types,they must conform to local zoning and land use codes.
What is Nonstandard Construction
300
Experience has shown that lightweight steel and wooden trusses can fail after ______ to______ _____ of exposure to fire. These trusses can fail from exposure to heat alone with out any flame.
What is 5-10 minutes
300
80 seconds
What is the time we have per NFPA to be to Ready Set Go! Everyone now has 80 seconds to be ready to roll with full structure fire turn outs in the apparatus wheels turning
400
Frame type construction in which each floor interrupts the exterior studs forming an effective fire-stop at every floor. this is the most common type of construction used to frame modern residences and other small buildings.
What is Platform Construction
400
The three most common types of masonry walls.
What are Stone, Concrete Block, Brick
400
The primary fire concern for this type of construction is the problem of fire and smoke spreading through concealed spaces. These spaces are between the walls, floors, and ceiling. Heat from a fire may be conducted to these concealed spaces through finished materials , such as gypsum drywall or plaster, or the heat can enter the concealed space through holes in the finished material
What is Type 3 Construction
400
It is the obligation of all personnel to constantly remain alert to their immediate surroundings.
What is Situational Awareness
400
The following is a list of fire classifications. What are the following fire classifications Class A Class B Class C Class D Class K
What is A) Ordinary combustibles B) Flammable liquids C) Electrical equipment D) Combustible metals K) Kitchen (Deep fryers)
500
An accessible or inaccessible space between layers of building materials;an attic or cockloft sometimes used to house HVAC and other machinery. Like attics and cocklofts,unless properly protected these spaces can allow fire to burn undetected or to spread throughout a building.
What is the Interstitial Space
500
__________is commonly used to provide insulation to steel and wood structural members that are less adaptive to high heat situations because it breaks down gradually under fire conditions
What is Gypsum
500
Requires that exterior and interior walls and their associated structural members be made of noncombustible or limited combustible materials. Other interior structural members,including beams, floors, and roofs, are made of solid or laminated wood with no concealed spaces. This wood must be large enough to be considered heavy timber.
What is Type 4 Construction
500
There are 3 situations that can kill firefighters on the fire ground during fire fighting operations.
What is Fire Above, Fire Below, Hostile fire event
500
Physical flow or transfer of heat energy from one body to another through direct contact or an intervening medium from one point where the heat is produced to another location from a region of high temperature to a region of low temperature.
What is Conduction