This occurs when light objects such as pebbles are picked up by the wind and crashed into landforms. This gradually erodes the landforms.
100
What do volcanoes, earthquakes, and tsunamis have in common.
They are all formed by the interaction between the plates.
100
What is the water cycle?
The steps of change that the water on the Earth undergoes over time.
100
Name and describe the three types of rocks.
Igneous-formed when lava cools and hardens.
Sedimentary-forms due to the accumulation of sediment.
Metamorphic-the transformation of an existing rock due to pressure and/or heat.
200
Give an example of a chemical weathering effect.
The Statue of Liberty turned green, rust, stalagmites.
200
This type of erosion occurs when topsoil is carried away by floods or the wind. It results in unfertile land that cannot support crops.
Soil erosion
200
Name and describe the three types of volcanoes.
Shield-the largest volcanoes, created by fluid lava flows
Cinder-created by the eruption of shield volcanoes
Composite-made up of a combination of rock and lava
200
What percent of the Earth is covered in water?
75%.
200
What is the rock cycle?
The changes that rocks are continuously experiencing.
300
Name two things that can cause mechanical weathering.
Ice, animal actions, lightning, waves, wind.
300
Describe water erosion.
This occurs in rivers. The flow of the water carries small particles down the river to create particle build-up. Eventually deltas may form at the mouth of the river.
300
Describe the relationship between tsunamis and earthquakes.
Earthquakes occur when plates collide. This collision and vibration can create tsunamis.
300
What is condensation and when in the water cycle does it occur?
Condensation occurs when water transforms from a gas into a liquid. This occurs in clouds.
300
How and where are mountains formed?
Mountains are formed due to the interaction between plates that are coming together.
400
Name one effect of mechanical weathering.
Jagged rocks, smooth rocks, sediment build-up.
400
This type of erosion occurs when waves crash into the shore gradually eroding away the dunes.
Sea erosion.
400
Describe how a tsunami is formed.
First, a volcanic eruption or earthquake has to occur. This can create a tsunami. The tsunami starts out in open water where it is almost undetectable. As it reaches more shallow water, the tsunami builds up and can cause great destruction to the land.
400
What is runoff?
Runoff is the movement of water from land into large bodies of water such as rivers, lakes, and oceans.
400
Name and describe the layers of the Earth.
core-inner-most layer, made of nickel and other metals.
mantle-the middle layer, this is where magma comes from.
crust-where we live, plate tectonics occur here.
500
How do weathering and erosion work together?
Weathering first changes the rocks either mechanically or chemically, then erosion comes in and washes the rocks away.
500
Describe glacial erosion.
This occurs when glaciers slide across the ocean floor and pick up large chunks of rock. It gradually smoothes out the ocean floor.
500
Describe how a volcano is formed.
Hot magma and pressure gradually build up in the Earth's mantle. This pressure and magma rise up to the Earth's crust and cause the crust to rise. Eventually the pressure builds up so much that the magma pours out and becomes lava.
500
Where does the water cycle begin?
It has no beginning. It is a cycle and its never-ending and never-beginning.
500
Why are plate tectonics important to our world?
Because without plate tectonics we would not have mountains, earthquakes, tsunamis, or volcanoes. Our world would look entirely different than it does today.