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Chapter 2: Ecosystems and energy flow
Chapter 2:Food chains,cycles and aquatic ecosystems
Chapter 3: Succession, biodiversity and habitat loss
Chapter 4: Pesticides
miscellaneous
100
What is an ecosystem?
the interaction between all the living organisms and their physical and chemical environment.
100
what is a food chain? Give an example.
a sequence of organisms showing how energy is transferred from one organism to another. An Example: grass----->cow----->human
100
What is the difference between Primary succession and secondary succession?
Primary succession happens after a large disturbance while secondary succession happens after a small one.
100
what substance is used to kill pests?
Pesticide is one of the most common ways to control or eliminate pests.
100
What is Carrying Capacity?
Carrying Capacity is the maximum population of a particular species that an ecosystem can hold.
200
Name 3 abiotic and biotic factors of an aquatic ecosystem
abiotic: temperature, light, nutrient, acidity, salinity etc... Biotic: Fish, Coral reefs, seaweed, etc...
200
Where is most of Earth's Nitrogen located?
The atmosphere.
200
What are the three ways invasive species can be controlled? And define each.
Chemical (using pesticides or fertilizer), Mechanical (physical barriers or removal) and Biological control.(intentionally introducing a species to control the invasive one)
200
what is the difference between broad-spectrum and narrow-spectrum pesticides?
broad-spectrum is a pesticide that affects many types of pests whereas narrow-spectrum pesticides affect few types of pests
200
Name the formulas for Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration.
Photosynthesis: carbon dioxide+water---------> sugar+oxygen Cellular Respiration: sugar+oxygen-----------> carbon dioxide+water+energy
300
Explain the Gaia hypothesis.
It is the proposed idea that the Earth behaves like a living organism.
300
What is the difference between Oligotrophic and Eutrophic?
Oligotropic is a body of water that is low in nutrients and Eutrophic is high in nutrients.
300
Why do invasive species impact the ecosystem negatively.
Because it is introduced from a foreign place, we are not aware if there is a natural predator for it and it dominates the ecosystem, lowering the population of the organisms it preys on, while increasing its own.
300
Is there a strategy to control pests? what is it?
Integrated Pest Management is a strategy that control pests that uses a combination of physical, chemical, and biological controls.
300
What is the difference between extirpated and extinct?
Extinct is when the animal no longer exists anywhere and extirpated is when it is only extinct in certain places.
400
What is the ecological niche of grass?
it produces energy from the sun through photosynthesis and it is eaten by various herbivores.
400
If energy is always being lost from organisms in food webs, where does new energy come from?
The sun
400
Name all 5 classifications of species at risk.
extinct, threatened, extirpated, endangered, and special concern.
400
list five types of pesticides
herbicides, insecticides, rodenticides, fungicides, molluscicides, and piscicides
400
Explain how the water cycle works
The water evaporates into the air, condenses and then falls back to the earth as precipitation, where it either becomes groundwater or flows back into the ocean to repeat the cycle.
500
If the lady bug’s trophic level has 739 units of energy, how much energy does blueberry’s trophic level have?
73900
500
Can an organism fill more than one trophic level --- yes or no? Give an example.
yes it can.
500
why have many wetlands been converted into farmland?
Natural wetlands are flat and often have deep, nutrient rich soil with an abundant water supply which makes it ideal for agricuLture
500
Define bioamplification and bioaccumulation and the difference between the two.
Bioaccumulation is the amount of pesticides are contaminated in an organism and bioamplification is the increase in the amount of pesticides that are contaminated in an organism.
500
Name all the types of interaction between species and define each.
Mutualism: Two individuals benefiting each other predation: one individual feeds on another Parasitism: one individual lives on or in and feeds on a host organism Commensalism: one individual benefits and the other is neither benefited or harmed Competition: Tow individuals compete for the same resource.