Show:
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
IMPORTANT PEOPLE
OPERANT CONDITIONING
DEFFINITIONS
COGNITIVE AND SOCIAL PERSPECTIVES ON LEARNING
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What is CLASSICAL CONDITIONING?
LEARNING THAT OCCURS WHEN TWO STIMULI- A CONDITIONED STIMULUS AND AN UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS- ARE PAIRED AND BECOME ASSOCIATED WITH EACH OTHER.
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WHO IS THE RUSSIAN SCIENTIST THAT WAS AWARDED THE NOBEL PRIZE IN 1904 AND IS CLOSLY ASSOCIATED WITH CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
IVAN PAVLOV
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Learning that occurs when the participant must make a response to produce a change in the environment
What is Operant Conditioning?
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A RELATIVEY PERMANENT CHANGE AND BEHAVIOR OR THE POTENTIAL TO MAKE A RESPONSE THAT OCCURS AS A RESULT OF EXPERIENCE.
WHAT IS LEARNING?
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Insight Learning
What is the type of learning that causes you to have the AHA! moment?
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What WAS THE EXPERIMENT IVAN PAVLOV CONDUCTED TO TEST CLASSICAL CONDITIONING?
EVERY TIME PAVLOV RANG A BELL BEFORE PRESENTING FOOD THE DOG BEGAN TO SALIVATE. HE WAS TESTING HOW MUCH SALIVA THE DOG PRODUCED WHEN RINGING THE BELL.
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WHO IS KNOWN FOR THE STUDY OF HUNGRY ANIMALS AND IS KNOWN FOR THE PUZZLE BOX. HIS OBSERVATIONS LED TO THE LAW OF EFFECT.
EDWARD LEE THORNDIKE
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-Events or stimuli that are removed because of response has occurred -Events or stimuli that are presented after the target response occurs
What is the difference between positive and negative reinforcement?
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THE PROCESS OF USING A PUNISHER TO DECREASE THE RESPONSE RATE.
What is PUNISHMENT?
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Albert Bandura researched this type of learning.
What is the psychologists name that researched Observational Learning?
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WHAT IS A PHOBIA AND HOW DOES IT RELATE TO CLASSICAL CONDITIONING?
IT IS A IRRIATIONAL FEAR OF AN ACTIVITY, OBJECT, OR SITUATION THAT IS OUT OF PROPORTION TO THE ACTUAL DANGER IT POSES. HOW IT RELATES: FEARS AND ANXIETIES ARE CLASSICALLY CONDITIONED.
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WHO FORMED THE TERM OPERANT CONDITIONING?
B.F. SKINNER
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Stimulus or signal telling the participant that responding will be reinforced
What is a discriminative stimulus?
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DEVELOPMENT OF A DISLIKE OF OR ADVERSION TO A FLAVOR OF FOOD THAT HAS BEEN PAIRED WITH ILLNESS.
What is TASTE ADVERSION LEARNING?
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Occurs when learning has taken place, but is not demonstrated - Latent Learning Learning that occurs through watching imitating behavior of others - Observational Learning
What is the difference between latent learning and observational learning?
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HOW DOES CLASSICAL CONDITIONG RELATE TO OUR ATTITUDES?
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING OF OUR ATTITUDES BY ASSOCIATING IMAGES OF CARTOON CHARACTERS WITH POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE WORDS OR IMAGES.
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WHO CAME UP WITH OBSERVATIONAL LEARNING WITH THE USE OF THE BOBO DOLL?
ALBERT BANDURA
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Continuous, Fixed-Ratio, Fixed-Interval, Variable-ratio, Variable-Interval
What is the 5 different reinforcement schedules?
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LEARNING THAT HAS OCCURED BUT IS NOT DEMONSTRATED.
What is LATENT LEARNING
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Violence in video games and music
What is an example of desensitization we discussed in class?
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DEFINE AN NS, UCS, CS, CR, AND A UCR? GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF EACH.
NS: STIMULUS THAT BEFORE CONDITIONING DOES NOT EXPLICIT A PARTICULAR RESPONSE. UCS: STIMULUS THAT AUTOMATICALLY PRODUCES A RESPONSE WITHOUT ANY PREVIOUS TRAINING. CS: NEUTRAL STIMULUS THAT AQUIRES THE ABILITY TO ECPLICIT A CONDITIONED RESPONSE AFTER BEING PAIRED WITH AN UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS. CR: RESPONCE EXPLICITED BY A CONDITION STIMULUS THAT HAS BEEN PAIRED WITH AN UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS. UCR: REACTION THAT IS AUTOMATICALLY PRODUCED WHEN AN UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS IS PRESENT. EXAMPLE NS: BELL UCS: DOG FOOD CS: BELL RINGING CR: DOG SALIVATING UCR: DOG SALIVATING
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WHAT EXPERIMENT DID WOLFGANG KOHLER CONDUCT?
HE PUT CHIMPANZEES IN A CONFINMENT AND SUSPENDED BANANAS OUT OF REACH AND PLACED A THREE BOXES INSIDE AND MADE THEM FIGURE OUT A WAY TO REACH THE BANANAS.
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Operant Conditioning technique in which opportunity to participate in preferred activity reinforces less preferred activity -Grandma's rule: Must eat vegetables and fruits before dessert.
What is the Premack Principal and give an example
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THORNDIKE'S VIEW THAT REINFORCERS PROMOTE LEARNING, WHEREAS PUNISHERS LEAD TO THE UNLEARNING OF RESPONSES.
What is LAW OF EFFECT
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- Aha! Moment - People watching (can involve aggression) -Learning how to walk during young toddler years
What is an example of Insight, Latent, and Observational Learning and which on involves aggression?