A Baroque musical form in which a little section of music reoccurs throughout the movement, sometimes completely and sometimes just a part.
What is ritornello?
100
A chamber music piece written by Haydn for 2 violins, 1 viola and 1 cello. Its third movement is in Minuet and Trio form.
What is String Quartet "The Lark"?
100
He was known as the Red Priest because of his red hair and occupation as a Catholic priest.
Who is Antonio Vivaldi?
100
The musical background played behind the main performer. For example, a singer might have a piano or a violin soloist might have an orchestra.
What is accompaniment?
100
a 4 stringed bowed instrument which plays the higher range of the string section. Its significant improvements in the Baroque era inspired Vivaldi and others to begin writing many concerti for this instrument.
What is a violin?
200
A form developed in the Baroque, but continuing on, to showcase an individual instrument (or group). Usually accompanied by an orchestra or ensemble.
What is a concerto?
200
Written by Handel, it is the most famous oratorio ever written. It has been sung every year since it was written.
What is Messiah?
200
This Classical era composer worked for the same family for over 30 years. He was one of the last composers to have a permanent position under a patron.
Who is Joseph Haydn?
200
the highest voice part for a male singer.
What is a tenor?
200
When this type of musical scale is used for the foundation of a piece, it sounds happy and upbeat. It is a stepwise series of whole and half steps arranged: whole, whole, half, whole, whole, whole half.
What is a major key?
300
a composition with two or more voices or parts which enter at overlapping times. There are usually 2 to 5 parts.
What is fugue?
300
Composed by Benjamin Britten as an introduction to the instruments of the orchestra. Subtitled: Variations and Fugue on a Theme of Purcell
What is Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra?
300
Born in Germany, he worked all over Europe. He studied Italian opera in Italy, worked for the Elector of Hanover in Germany and for the King of England. He is buried in London's Westminster Abbey.
Who is George Friedrich Handel?
300
a musical decoration on the main melody, like a trill or a mordent. It was used a lot in the Baroque era.
What is ornamentation?
300
This period lasted from around 1750 to around 1820. It is known for simpler melodies and harmonies and the development of musical forms which have influenced composers up to today. Many composers from this period such as Haydn and Mozart lived in Vienna.
What is the Classical Era?
400
A vocal work with instrumental accompaniment, that is usually based on a Biblical subject. It has multiple movements, but is short enough to fit into a church service.
What is a cantata?
400
A violin concerto written by Vivaldi in the key of E flat major for his students. Its name means "a place of rest."
What is Il Ritiro?
400
He was a pacifist and left his native country for America at the start of World War 2 because he didn't believe in war.
Who is Benjamin Britten?
400
Music written to be performed by a small group of players, each on an individual part. It gets its name from the fact that it was originally meant to be played in a smaller space, like the music room of a palace, or a private home.
What is chamber music?
400
a group of performers on various musical instruments, for playing music, as symphonies, operas, popular music, or other compositions. Usually contains stringed instruments, woodwinds, brass and percussion.
What is an orchestra?
500
A musical composition form consisting of 2 contrasting 3/4 dances put together in an ABA form. Begun in the Baroque era, it was changed and perfected in the Classical Era.
What is Minuet and Trio?
500
Composed by JS Bach for organ. A piece designed to show off the skill of the organist. Written in through-composed form.
What is Toccata and Fugue in D Minor?
500
He once walked 200 miles to hear the famous organist Dietrich Buxtehude.
Who is JS Bach?
500
It is a signpost in music to tell the performer to return to the beginning of the piece. It means "from the top" and often is abbreviated D.C.
What is da Capo?
500
A form of musical harmony in which the melody is carried in one voice and the other voices accompany it with harmony. Often this is a melody with chords. It became popular in the Classical period as a reaction against complex polyphony.