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Dermatophytoses
Non-DTM Superficial Mycoses
You don't want this Yeast in your beer.
Deep Mycoses
Therapists
100
What are the three genera of dermatophyte species?
1. Epidermophyton 2. Microsporum 3. Trichophyton
100
An African American female comes to you with a new, rapidly growing black spot on her palm. She happens to mention she just did a semester abroad in South America. What’s the diagnosis?
Tinea Nigra
100
What is a fancy name for interdigital candida?
Erosio interdigitalis blastomycetica
100
In pathology, what is the classic finding with sporotrichosis called? (yeast cell with surrounding eosinophilic fringe) In what other conditions can you see them?
Asteroid body Also seen in granulomatous diseases like sarcoidosis.
100
Identify the Mycosis.
Paracoccidiomycosis AKA South American Blastomycosis
200
Which dermatophyte species is the most common cause of Tinea Capitis in the US? How about Europe?
1. Trichophyton Tonsurans (US) 2. Microsporum canis (EU)
200
What dermatophyte causes tinea nigra, what kind of fungus is it, where is it found?
Hortaea werneckii Dematiaceous (pigmented) fungus Central and S. America, Africa, and Asia. Endemic foci in coastal southeastern US and Texas.
200
What does acute atrophic candidiasis look like and who gets it?
Atrophic, erythematous patch at dorsal tongue (s/p pseudomembrane sloughing). Happens in HIV patient, immunosuppressed.
200
What are the two types of mycetomas, their etiologies, and classic clinical finding?
Eumycetoma – true fungus (Pseudallescheria, etc) BLACK, white or yellow grains Actinomycetoma – Actinomyces, Nocardia RED, white or yellow grains They are Painless.
200
Identify the organism.
E. Floccosum
300
What is this dermatophytosis called, which species causes it, and what parts of the world do you see it in?
Tinea Imbricata caused by T. concentricum, seen in Far East, South pacific, South and Central America.
300
How does M. furfur cause hypopigmentation?
Malassezia metabolizes FFA to azelaic acid (dicarboxylic acid) which inhibits tyrosinase (inhibits melanin production) causing hypopigmentation.
300
What is another name for chronic atrophic candidiasis and who gets it?
Denture Stomatitis – seen in women who wear dentures.
300
What is the organism that most commonly causes chromoblastomycosis and what does the lesion look like?
Fonsecaea pedrosoi Verrucous plaque (can be annular, or asst with lymphedema, elephantiasis)
300
Identify the organism
M. Canis
400
What is the most common cause of WSO in HIV+ patients? In immunocompetent adults?
T. rubrum (HIV+) T. mentagrophytes (immunocompetent)
400
What color does Tinea Versicolor fluoresce under a Wood’s lamp and what chromophore is it due to?
Orange-yellow fluorescence due to pteridine.
400
What other medical conditions can Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis (CMC) be associated with?
Endocrinopathies (hypoPTH, hypoadrenalism, hypothyroid) Immunodeficiencies
400
Name 4 fungal infections that resemble molluscum-like lesions in AIDS patients.
Coccidioidomycosis Cryptococcosis Histoplasmosis Penicilliosis
400
Identify the organism
T. rubrum
500
Name dermatophyte species that are fluorescent, small spore ectothrix (up to 6, credit for 2 or more).
M. canis (Euro and 2nd US: Tinea capitis) M. adouinii M. canis distortum T. schoenleinii (Tinea Favosa) M. ferrugineum M. gypseum Cats And Dogs Sometimes Fight & Grow
500
What are the two types of Piedra, responsible organisms, and physical exam findings?
Black piedra - Piedraia hortae, Scalp hair Firmly attached, hard, brown/black concretions on hair shaft. White piedra - Trichosporon species (cutaneum (aka beigelli), asahii, ovoid, inkin) Facial, axillary, and genital hair. White, soft, less adherent concretions, can coalesce to sleeve like structures along hair shaft.
500
You get a 35yo guy with CMC. He has no hx of endocrinopathy or immunodeficiency. What else do you want to rule out?
Thymoma (CMC often precedes diagnosis of thymoma)
500
Which Fungi are associated with the following regions? -Southwest US -Southeast and Central US -Great Lakes, Ohio River basin, Mississippi river
Southwest US – Coccidiomycosis Southeast and Central US – Histoplasmosis Great Lakes, Ohio River basin, Mississippi river - Blastomycosis
500
Identify the organism
T. mentagrophytes