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Electron Configuration
Periodic Table
Orbitals
Atomic Emission Spectrum
Ions and Naming
100
What is the electron configuration of Hydrogen?
1s^1
100
State the following periodic trends for the periodic table. - Atomic radii - Ionization energies - Electron affinities - Ionic Size - Electronegativities
Atomic radii - across - Decreasing down - Increasing Ionization energies - across -Increasing down - Decreasing Electron affinities - across - Increasing down - Decreasing Ionic Size - across - Decreasing down - Increasing Electronegativities - across - Increasing down - Decreasing
100
What are atomic orbitals?
Region of space in which there is a high probability of finding an electron
100
What is the atomic emission spectrum?
The discrete lines formed when light passes through a prism to separate into different frequencies of light it contains.
100
What is an anion? What is a cation?
An anion is a negatively charged ion. A cation is a positively charged ion.
200
What is the electron configuration of Germanium?
1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 3d^10 4s^2 4p^2
200
What is the periodic law?
When elements are arranged in order of in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their physical and chemical properties.
200
What are the shapes of the s, p, and d orbitals?
s orbital - spherical shape p orbital - dumbbell shape d orbital - clover leaf shape
200
List the waves in order of increasing frequencies on the electromagnetic spectrum starting from radio waves, including the different colors in the visible light.
Radio waves, radar, microwaves, infrared, visible light ( red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet ), ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays
200
What is the difference between a polyatomic ion and a monatomic ion?
polyatomic ion - ion composed of one atom monatomic ion - ion composed of two atoms
300
What is the noble gas configuration of Tungsten?
[Xe] 6s^2 4f^14 5d^4
300
Which group is the noble gas group? Which groups are representative elements?
Noble gas - Group 8A Representative elements - Group 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A
300
How many different orientations do p, d, and f orbitals have?
p orbital - 3 orientations d orbital - 5 orientations f orbital - 7 orientations
300
What does it mean when the energy of an electron is quantized? When do electrons move to higher energy levels? When do they move to lower energy levels?
It is the amount of energy it takes to move an electron from one energy level to another energy level. Electrons move to higher energy levels when atoms absorb energy. The move to lower energy levels when electrons lose energy by emitting light.
300
Name the following formulas: a. FeCl3 b. PbBr4 c. Ba3N2
a. Iron(lll) chloride b. Lead(lV) bromide c. Barium Nitride
400
What is the noble gas configuration of Cerium?
[Xe]6s^2 4f^2
400
Which group is the halogen group? Between which groups are the transition metals and inner transition metals?
Halogens - Group 7A Transition metals - Group 2A and Group 3A Inner transition metals - Group 2A and Group 3B ( first group of transition metals )
400
How many orbitals does each principal energy level have?
1st principal energy level - 1 orbital 2nd principal energy level - 4 orbitals 3rd principal energy level - 9 orbitals 4th principal energy level - 16 orbitals
400
Which of the following has a shorter wavelength? a. x-ray or gamma ray b. orange visible light or blue visible light c. radar or yellow visible light
a. gamma ray b. blue visible light c. yellow visible light
400
Write the following formulas of the names: a. Dinitrogen pentoxide b. Sulfur hexafluoride c. Diphosphorus trisulfide
a. N2O5 b. SF6 c. P2S3
500
What is the electron configuration for Copper?
1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^1 3d^10
500
List at least three characteristics of each group of representative elements ( Alkali metals, Alkaline earth metals, metalloids, nonmetals, and noble gases ).
Alkali Metals (1A) - very reactive (larger atomic radii and low ionization energies) soft and silvery low boiling and melting points Low density weak metallic bonding good reducing agents (easily oxidized) lowest electronegativity flame colors Alkaline Earth Metals (2A) - Similar to Alkali metals Metalloids (semimetals) - located along the line between metals and nonmetals contains characteristics of both metals and nonmetals Nonmetals - poor heat and electricity conductivity brittleness (crumble or break instead of bending) dull (not shiny) exist mostly in liquid or gas form due to lower density and melting points good oxidizing agents higher electronegativities Noble Gases (8A) - “inert gases” odorless, colorless, non-flammable, monatomic gases, low chemical reactivity
500
Each principal energy level consist of which types of orbitals?
1st principal energy level - 1s orbital 2nd principal energy level - 2s and 2p orbitals 3rd principal energy level - 3s, 3p, and 3d orbitals 4th principal energy level - 4s, 4p, 4d, 4f orbitals
500
Calculate the wavelength of light with a frequency of 5.70 x 10^14 Hz. C = 3.00 x 10^8 m/s.
wavelength = 5.26 x 10^-6 m
500
Write the names of the following acids: a. Hydrochloric acid b. Nitric acid c. Phosphoric acid
a. HCl(aq) b. HNO3(aq) c. H3PO4(aq)