Show:
In the Beginning
Chapter Terms
Brainiac
the System
the Messengers
100
Placing a rat in a cage where electrical shocks over which the rat has no control are occasionally administered through the floor is a way to create _____________.
What is learned helplessness?
100
For most people, perception and the creation of images are usually handled by the _______.
What is right hemisphere?
100
The central nervous system is made up of the _______________.
What are the brain and spinal cord?
100
The peripheral nervous system is made up of the __________.
What are somatic and autonomic nervous system?
100
The neurotransmitter associated with regulation of mood, behavior, and thought processes is ______.
What is serotonin?
200
In the diathesis-stress model, "stress" refers to
What are life events?
200
For most people, verbal and cognitive processes are usually controlled by the ________.
What is left hemisphere?
200
The area between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron is the ________.
What is the synaptic cleft?
200
The network of glands that release chemical messengers directly into the bloodstream is called the ________.
What is the endocrine system?
200
Extremely low activity levels of serotonin are associated with ___________.
What is aggression, suicide, impulsive behavior?
300
In the diathesis-stress model, "diathesis" refers to
What is an inherited tendency?
300
Research studies using the procedure called "cross fostering" have shown that genetically emotional and reactive young animals raised by calm mothers tended to be
What is calm?
300
The chemicals that allow transmission of signals between neurons are called ________.
What are neurotransmitters?
300
Drugs that increase the activity of a neurotransmitter are called _______________.
What are agonists?
300
The neurotransmitter associated with both schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease is _________.
What is dopamine?
400
Referring to behavior and personality as polygenic means that both are
What is polygenic?
400
Some people may be genetically predisposed to seek out difficult relationships. These difficult relationships may contribute to their experience of depression. This is an example of the ________.
What is the reciprocal gene-environment model?
400
Most automatic functions (e.g., breathing, sleeping, and motor coordination) are controlled by the part of the brain called the _________.
What is brain stem?
400
Drugs that decrease the activity of a neurotransmitter are called _____________.
What are antagonists?
400
In the axon tip, neurotransmitters are carried in ____ until they are released
What are vesicles?
500
Your uncle spent most of his teen years in a hospital undergoing treatment for a severe physical illness. As an adult, he is rather shy and withdrawn, particularly around women. He has been diagnosed with social phobia, which you believe is entirely due to lack of socialization during his teen years. Your theory or model of what caused his phobia is ________.
What is one-dimensional?
500
Functions of the limbic system include control or regulation of
What is emotional experiences, basic drives, aggression, impulse control?
500
Recent research has associated the _____________with autism. This is also the part of the brain that controls motor coordination.
What is the cerebellum?
500
When comparing the brains of rats raised in a rich environment requiring lots of learning and motor behavior with the brains of rats raised as "couch potatoes" (Greenough, et al., 1990), the cerebellums of the more active rat
What is more neuronal connections?
500
Neurotransmitters are the messengers of the nervous system but ____ are the messengers of the endocrine system.
What are hormones?