Show:
Week 2
AnthroWeek
Week 3-4
The Rough Week
Week 5
100
White sees it as a universal law and a theory applicable to human culture.
What is evolution?
100
The principle according to which one culture should be evaluated on its own terms.
What is cultural relativism?
100
Steward describes it as a method, a set of procedures.
What is cultural ecology?
100
According to this political ecology thesis, an otherwise innocuous system of production becomes increasingly destructive of the resource when incorporated to the State or tied to the markets.
What is the land degradation and marginalization thesis?
100
It is described as intuitive, qualitative, holistic and oral.
What is indigenous knowledge?
200
For White, this is the third level and the most "dependent" variable of a culture. The other levels are the material and the social, in that order.
What is ideology?
200
This "way" of life balance needs with means.
What is Zen way.
200
This concept brings together productive technologies and the resource base.
What is the cultural core?
200
Often ill-defined, these groups are differentiated according to broad ethnic, geographical or economic characteristics, and are thought to organize politically to defend their interests.
What is a social class?
200
This sort of evaluation as been criticized because it transforms indigenous knowledge into a bookish thing that risks loosing its adaptability in the process.
What is scientific evaluation?
300
This revolution could prove wrong White's favorite theory and, secondarily, annihilate us humans.
What is the nuclear revolution?
300
Often seen as a consequence of unlimited wants and limited technological means, this concept gains to be understood as an "instituted" or "socially constructed" one.
What is scarcity?
300
This is how Rappaport described the relations between two populations, humans and pigs.
What is "ritually mediated," what is ritualistic?
300
Its choice is almost inevitably arbitrary, even when it corresponds best to one's research interest, and it will most likely impact the research at all of its stages.
What is a scale?
300
Because of their existing ties with indigenous communities and their knowledge of their language and cultural norms, these people rapidly became the most likely candidates to translate indigenous knowledge into a more familiar text.
What are anthropologists / Who are the anthropologists ?
400
Steward defended this theory for it leaves room for the interpretation of cultural variation across similar societies in terms of adaptation, maladaptation, diffusion(ism), and other historical processes.
What is multi-linear evolution?
400
This is the tendency by which many societies assume their own knowledge systems are correct or superior to others.
What is ethnocentrism?
400
This is the model people have "in their head" as a stencil for their actions, although their scientific understanding of the world may not be absolute.
What is a cognized model?
400
These elements explain in part how "the last cod was fished," or how cod was overexploited in Newfoundland, even if they are elements which belong neither exclusively to the fish nor to the fishermen.
What are structures? (Global markets, States, are the institutions emerging from yet looking to give shape to these structures.)
400
This unlikely debate was sparked because of the wrong assumption that "real indigenous people" cannot use modern technologies or even hold informed opinions about modern industries.
What is the authenticity debate?
500
The debate between White and Steward boils down to the opposition between these two poles which also happen to correspond to two important nodes of scientific practice.
What are general laws and particular cases?
500
This is an institution that levels the risk of food shortage for all of the members of the group.
What is sharing, what is reciprocity?
500
Townsend argues that this "trouble in the cultural core" explain the collapse of the cod fisheries.
What is the adoption of new technologies?
500
It is self-organizing, defined by its "directionality" and the dissipating structures it entails.
What is a complex system?
500
The famous anthropologist Levi-Strauss argued that humans tend to name the new things they discover using names and concepts that are old, also known by this French term.
What is bricolage?