This is the major cause of stable angina in older adults.
What is CAD
100
Syncope can be life threatening because it can lead to this.
What is sudden cardiac death
100
This is the first component of S2
What is aortic valve (A2)
100
This heart murmur a systolic crescendo-decrescendo murmur, heard best over the right 2nd intercostal space.
What is aortic stenosis
100
This part of the venous pressure wave is due to atrial contraction.
What is the a wave?
200
This is the test used to diagnose and assess severity of angina.
What is a stress test.
200
You may consider this as the cause of syncope in a patient who exhibits orthostatic BP changes after episodes of vomitting and diarrhea.
What is dehydration.
200
This extra heart sound is often heard in those with mitral regurg, with the bell, due to changes in morphology of the heart.
What is an S3?
200
Mitral regurg and aortic stenosis both occur during this portion of the cardiac cycle.
What is systole?
200
This portion of the venous pressure wave is from the atria relaxing?
What is x wave/descent.
300
Referred pain from angina is usually in these distributions.
What is C5-T1
300
This is the probability that a given test result will occur in a patient with disease compared to the likelihood that the same result will occur in a patient without the disease i.e. how much more likely a test result is a TP than a FP.
What is likelihood ratio (sens/1-spec).
300
Pulmonic stenosis may cause this when listening to heart sounds.
What is delayed P2-widened splitting
300
This extra heart sound is analogous to an opening snap, but caused by aortic stenosis, and occurs just after S1.
What is an ejection click?
300
This is the state name used to describe an S4 present in a patient.
What is Tennessee?
400
If a patient denies any chest PAIN when you think the diagnosis is angina, make sure you ask about this too.
What is pressure.
400
BP=this (use all 4 terms Dr. Ellis presented)
hint CO=what 2 terms
and SV=what 2 terms
What is BP=(EDV-ESV)*HR*TPR
400
This extra heart sound is usually generated in those with an enlarged heart due to hypertension or aortic stenosis.
What is an S4?
400
The jugular vein will have this many pulsations during the cardiac cycle
What is 2?
400
In a healthy person the JVP should be 3cm or less above what?
What is the sternal angle/angle of Louis.
500
These are the three requirements Dr. Ellis spoke about when determining if a patient has stable angina.
What is substernal, exertional, and predictable.
500
A stupid first year fainted for the first time in his life at an anatomy test. He felt warm, dropped to the floor, and wasn't confused when he woke up. This is your leading diagnosis
Neurocardiogenic, or vasovagal syncope
500
This extra heart sound is often heard in those with mitral stenosis, and occurs when pressure in the left atrium exceeds pressure in the left ventricle.
What is an opening snap?
500
This portion of the jugular venous pressure waves is caused by the filling of the atrium during systole.
What is the v wave?
500
This is the most common cause of a paradoxical splitting of S2 in adults