Show:
Earth's Interior
Plate Tectonics
Faults
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
100
The rigid layer formed by the uppermost part of the mantle and crust
What is the lithosphere?
100
The scientist that hypothesized that all continents were once together in a single landmass
Who is Alfred Wegener?
100
Pieces of Earth's lithosphere that carry continents or parts of the ocean floor
What are plates?
100
Vibrations that travel through Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake
What are seismic waves?
100
A major volcanic belt surrounding the Pacific Ocean
What is the Ring of Fire?
200
Heat transfer by movement of heated fluid
What is convection?
200
The idea that continents slowly move over Earth's surface
What is continental drift?
200
Place where two plates slip past each other, without crust being created nor destroyed
What is a transform boundary?
200
Occurs when loose, soft soil is turned into mud by earthquake shaking
What is liquefaction?
200
An area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust in the middle of a plate
What is a hot spot?
300
The soft, bendable layer of the mantle
What is the asthenosphere?
300
Two pieces of evidence that support continental drift
What are fossils, evidence from landforms, evidence from climate?
300
The type of stress that pulls on the crust, stretching it so it becomes thinner in the middle
What is tension?
300
Waves that compress and expand the ground like an accordion
What are P waves?
300
A bowl shaped area that may form at the top of a volcano
What is a crater?
400
The order of Earth's layers from the center to the surface
What is the inner core, outer core, mantle, and crust?
400
Process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench
What is subduction?
400
The property that determines which plate sinks below another plate
What is density?
400
The point beneath the Earth's surface where rock that is under stress breaks
What is the focus?
400
Occurs when an explosive eruption hurls out ash, cinders, bombs, and gases
What is pyroclastic flow?
500
The layer of Earth in which convection currents occur
What is the mantle?
500
Two pieces of evidence for sea-floor spreading
What are evidence from molten material, evidence from magnetic stripes, and evidence from drilling samples?
500
Fault caused by tension where the hanging wall slips downward below the footwall
What is a normal fault?
500
The scale used by scientists to estimate the total energy released by an earthquake
What is the moment magnitude scale?
500
A huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain
What is a caldera?